Nearly half a century, an increasing number of studies have found that the puberty of human being is at early trends.Puberty is the process of physical changes involving reproductive system maturation and the acquisition of fertility, by the combination effects of nervous system, endocrine system and the environment.Pubertal timing is a relative concept and the process of pubertal development can be shown as early, timely or relatively late as compared with a reference group.This article mainly focuses on related influencing factors of pubertal timing including genetic factor, childhood obesity, growth pattern(intrauterine growth retardation, catch-up growth, adiposity rebound), psychosocial stress(poor family emotional environment, father absence, international adoption), environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals with their mechanism and significance.The exploration of relevant risk factors of early puberty can provide scientific evidence for formulating relevant policies and targeted prevention.

Puberty; Pubertal timing; Obesity; Growth pattern; Psychosocial stress; Environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals