lmmunosuppressive drugs dominate the current therapeutic landscape of autoimmune disorders and graft rejection.However,non-specific immune-ablation treatments compromise the ability of the host to respond to tumor and infection,whereas the selective removal of antigen-specific T cells could theoretically ameliorate T-cell-mediated pathology and preserve the rest of the host immune function.During recent years,major histocompatibility complex(MHC)tetramers and killer artificial antigen-presenting cells have been used to deplete antigen-specific T cells.Epitope-specific T cells are targeted by MHC/peptide complexes,followed by killing with radioisotope,toxin orinhibitory molecules.The promising results obtained in vitro and in animal models demonstrated their therapeutic potency for the treatment of autoimmune diseases,allergic diseases,Tcell malignancies and graft rejection.