Cholangiocarcinoma is a primary hepatobiliary malignant tumor with concealed ons-et, difficulty in early diagnosis and poor prognosis. Due to the lack of specific early diagnostic markers and mo-lecules for targeted therapy, cholangiocarcinoma is often diagnosed in the late stage, and the treatment often fails. In recent years, with further investigation of cholangiocarcinoma, the expression and functional mech-anism of some key molecules have been studied, which provides a new basis for molecular targeted thera-py of cholangiocarcinoma. This article reviews the research progress in some important molecules of chola-ngiocarcinoma.