To investigate the efficacy of amoxicillin, clavulanate potassium and cefotaxime in the treatment of neonatal pneumonia and its influence on intestinal microflora.

310 cases of neonatal pneumonia diagnosed in the hospital from June 2014 to June 2016 were selected as the subjects.They were divided into three groups according to random number table.The group A(100 cases) was treated with amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium, group B(105 cases) was treated with cefotaxime, group C(105 cases) was treated with amoxicillin, clavulanate potassium and cefotaxime.The effect and the difference of intestinal microecology were compared among the three groups.

There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups in effect and the cure time[(5.2±1.3)d vs.(5.4±1.5)d vs.(5.3±1.4)d](P>0.05). There were statistically significant differences in intestinal microecology among the group A, group B, group C and control group (χ²=11.741, 7.066, 6.163, 8.752, 22.851, all P<0.05). The lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus and true Bacillus of group A, group B, group C were less than those of the control group, which in group C were significantly less than group A and group B, there were statistically significant differences (t=10.453, 6.843, 5.974, 17.654, all P<0.05). The Enterobacteriaceae of group A, group B and group C was significantly more than that of the control group, and the Enterobacteriaceae of group C was significantly more than that in group A and group B, there were statistically significant differences(t=6.574, 4.634, 3.968, 9.893, all P<0.05).

Amoxicillin, clavulanate potassium and cefotaxime are effective in the treatment of neonatal pneumonia, the combined use of drugs has great influence on intestinal microflora.

Pneumonia; Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium; Cefotaxime; Intestinal microflora; Infant, newborn