Original Article
Preterm birth, low birth weight and risk of hypospadias: a meta-analysis
Hu Jianjun, Zhao Yaowang, Chen Yifu, Zu Jiancheng, Wang Zhi, Peng Liucheng
Published 2023-01-20
Cite as J Chin Physician, 2023, 25(1): 16-22,27. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn431274-20220601-00526
Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the association between preterm birth, low birth weight and the risk of hypospadias.
MethodsAccording to the search strategy of Cochrance Collaborative Network, the China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI), VIP, Wanfang, Pubmed, Cochrance and Embase were searched from the establishment of the database to April 2022. The literature on the relationship between preterm birth, low birth weight and the risk of hypospadias was included. Meta analysis was conducted on the relationship between preterm birth, low birth weight and the risk of hypospadias.
ResultsA total of 13 articles were included, including cases from Asia, Europe, Australia and America. Newcastle-ottawa Scale was used for evaluation, and the scores were all above 6. There were 10 articles on the relationship between preterm birth and the risk of hypospadias, all of which were case-control studies. Heterogeneity test I2=46%, P=0.05. There were 3 521 cases in the case group and 95 816 cases in the control group. Compared with the control group, preterm birth was a risk factor for hypospadias (OR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.89-2.41), and the difference was statistically significant (Z=12.21, P<0.01). There were 11 articles on the association between low birth weight and the risk of hypospadias, all of which were case-control studies. Heterogeneity test I2=47%, P=0.04. There were 2 460 cases in the case group and 94 260 cases in the control group. Compared with the control group, low birth weight was a risk factor for hypospadias (OR: 3.29, 95% CI: 2.57-4.22), and the difference was statistically significant (Z=9.40, P<0.01).
ConclusionsBased on meta-analysis of published literature, preterm birth and low birth weight increase the risk of hypospadias.
Key words:
Premature birth; Infant, low birth weight; Hypospadias; Meta-analysis
Contributor Information
Hu Jianjun
Department of Urology, Hunan Children′s Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
Zhao Yaowang
Department of Urology, Hunan Children′s Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
Chen Yifu
Department of Urology, Hunan Children′s Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
Zu Jiancheng
Department of Urology, Hunan Children′s Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
Wang Zhi
Department of Urology, Hunan Children′s Hospital, Changsha 410007, China
Peng Liucheng
Department of Urology, Hunan Children′s Hospital, Changsha 410007, China