Objective To observe and assess the efficacy of roxithromycin sustained-release capsules com-bined with other anti-tuberculosis drugs in the treatment of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis ( MDR-PTB ).Methods 120 patients with MDR-PTB were selected as the subjecs of this study and then were randomly divided intostudy group and control group,60 for each group.The control group received sparfloxacin,amikacin,and other three kindsof anti-tuberculosis drugs as anti-tuberculosis scheme,and the study group received roxithromycin for 12 months inaddition to the therapies used in the control group.Results At the end of the third month,the sputum negative conversionrate was 64％ in the study group and 42％ in the control group,with a statistical significance ( ~=5.52,P＜ 0.05 ).Atthe end of treatment,the sputum negative conversion rate was 91％ in the study group and 72％ in the control group,witha significant difference ( x2=6.62,P＜ 0.01 ).The rate of lesion absorption was 89％ in the study group and 70％ in thecontrol group,with a statistical significance ( x2=6.14,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Roxithromycin sustained-releasecapsules combined with other anti-tuberculosis drugs is efficacious in the treatment of MDR-PTB and plays a role inpromoting sputum negative conversion,lesion absorption,and cavity closure.