Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Olprinone in treatment of congestive heart failure(CHF).Methods 94 cases of CHF were randomly divided into Olprinone group and Milrinone group,47 cases in each group.Olprinone or Milrinone were prescribed for patients of two groups respectively.The change of NT-proBNP level,cardiac function measured by echocardiography including left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),fractional shortening(FS),left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end systolic diameter(LVESD),left ventricular end systolic volume(LVESV),cardiac output(CO) and cardiac index(CI) after 7 days' treatment and short-term prognosis were observed.Results NT-proBNP level,LVEDV of two groups decreased significantly(P =0.000,0.013 respectively in Olprinone group,P =0.000,0.014 respectively in Milrinone group),and LVEF and FS increased significantly(P =0.000,0.011 respectively in Olprinone group,P =0.030,0.042 respectively in Milrinone group).After 7 days' treatment,compared with Milrinone group,NT-proBNP level of Olprinone group was lower (P =0.041),and LVEF and FS were higher(P =0.048,0.047 respectively).There were no significant differences between PLT level,liver function and renal function of the two groups.The mortality of 7-day and 30-day of Olprinone group was not significantly different from that of Milrinone group.Conclusions Olprinone is better than Milrinone in the effect of depressing NT-proBNP level and improving cardiac function.Meanwhile,the incidence of side effect does not appear to be higher.