卫生预防
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
情绪智力和性别对情绪调节过程的影响
吴燕
王建峰
温馨
景璐石
杨奇伟
作者及单位信息
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2017.11.014
Impacts of emotion intelligence and gender on the process of emotion regulation
Wu Yan
Wang Jianfeng
Wen Xin
Jing Lushi
Yang Qiwei
Authors Info & Affiliations
Wu Yan
Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Research Center of Applied Psychology, Chengdu 610500, China
Wang Jianfeng
Department of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
Wen Xin
Department of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
Jing Lushi
Department of Psychology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
Yang Qiwei
Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan Research Center of Applied Psychology, Chengdu 610500, China
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2017.11.014
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摘要

目的考察情绪智力(emotion Intelligence,EI)和性别对情绪调节过程的影响。

方法利用情绪识别和情绪调节任务,分别记录被试的反应时和对正/负性情绪的调节强度。

结果男性高EI组的反应时[(1 821±120)ms]快于低EI组[(2 320±133)ms](F(1,87)=3.87,P=0.049),对正性情绪的调节强度(2.11±0.21)大于低EI组(0.81±0.23)(F(1,87)=17.31,P<0.001);女性高EI组的反应时[(2 250±110)ms]慢于低EI组[(1 939±115)ms](F(1,87)=6.73,P=0.011),对负性情绪的调节强度(1.60±0.18)大于低EI组(0.70±0.18),均差异具有统计学意义(F(1,87)=12.12,P=0.001)。

结论高EI男性对于情绪信息的加工更加有效率,对正性情绪的调节更有效,高EI女性对于情绪信息加工的时间更长,对负性情绪的调节更有效。

情绪智力;性别差异;情绪调节
ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo investigate the impacts of emotion intelligence and sex difference on the process of emotion regulation.

MethodsThe reaction time and the strength of emotion regulation were recorded in the emotion perception and emotion regulation task.

ResultsThe males with higher EI scores reacted more quickly in emotion perception and were more efficient in positive emotion regulation than those with lower EI scores (reaction time: (1 821±120)ms < (2 320±133)ms, F(1, 87)=3.87, P=0.049; strength of emotion regulation: 2.11±0.21 > 0.81±0.23; F(1, 87)=17.31, P<0.001), while the females with higher EI scores reacted more slowly in emotion perception and were more efficient in negative emotion regulation than those with lower EI scores (reaction time: (2 250±110)ms > (1 939±115)ms,F(1, 87)=6.73, P=0.011; strength of emotion regulation: 1.60±0.18 > 0.7±0.18; F(1, 87)=12.12, P=0.001).

ConclusionThe results showed that for men, the EI was associated with efficiency in processing emotion and regulating positive emotions, while for women, the EI was associated with efficiency in regulating negative emotions.

Emotion intelligence;Gender difference;Emotion regulation
Corresponding Author: Yang Qiwei, Email: nc.defmoabc.anisgnayiewiq
Natural Science Foundation of China (31671173, 31701001); Sichuan Key Science & Technology Support Program of China(2014SZ0020); Program of Chengdu Medical College(CYZ10-016)
引用本文

吴燕,王建峰,温馨,等. 情绪智力和性别对情绪调节过程的影响[J]. 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志,2017,26(11):1030-1035.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-6554.2017.11.014

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情绪调节是个体对具有什么样的情绪、情绪什么时候发生、情绪体验如何进行和情绪如何表达施加影响的过程[ 1 ],对情绪的调节是个体一项基本的人格功能,并具有极大的个体差异[ 2 ]。性别和情绪智力是影响个体情绪调节过程的重要因素[ 3 , 4 ]。前期研究发现女性对大部分负性情绪的识别更快更准确,更倾向于报告其强烈的情绪体验,更善于抑制情绪行为,却较难通过认知策略调节负性情绪,更倾向于在行为上表达悲伤;男性对正性情绪的知觉更加敏感,较少报告自身的情绪体验,更善于自动地调节情绪,对于负性情绪更倾向于放弃行为表达或转而参加其他的活动来转移悲伤[ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]。这些在情绪调节过程中的性别差异可能是造成男女易患不同精神疾病或情绪障碍的关键原因[ 9 ]。个体的情绪智力是一种能够准确知觉、评估、表达和理解自己和他人的情感和情绪,并利用这些信息相应地调整情绪的能力[ 10 , 11 ]。有研究显示情绪智力与认知性情绪调节的积极策略显著正相关,说明情绪智力越高则越多采用积极的认知方式来应对负性生活事件[ 12 , 13 ]。然而,这种情绪智力的个体差异和性别是如何共同影响情绪调节过程,其行为表现以及原因是什么,很少有文章进行系统研究。本研究以情绪智力高低不同的男性和女性为研究对象,探讨性别和情绪智力对情绪调节过程的影响,包括在情绪知觉、情绪体验、情绪调节的有效性上存在的性别差异和交互作用。
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通信作者:杨奇伟,nc.defmoabc.anisgnayiewiq
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利益冲突  无
C
国家自然科学基金项目 (31671173,31701001)
四川省重点科技支撑计划 (2014SZ0020)
成都医学院校基金项目 (CYZ10-016)
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