流感大流行100周年
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
中国流感大流行的百年历史
秦颖
赵梦娇
谭亚运
李晓清
郑建东
彭质斌
冯录召
作者及单位信息
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DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.08.003
History of influenza pandemics in China during the past century
Qin Ying
Zhao Mengjiao
Tan Yayun
Li Xiaoqing
Zheng Jiandong
Peng Zhibin
Feng Luzhao
Authors Info & Affiliations
Qin Ying
Division of Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Zhao Mengjiao
Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Beijing 100050, China; Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250021, China
Tan Yayun
Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Beijing 100050, China; Suzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou 215004, China
Li Xiaoqing
Shanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan 030012, China
Zheng Jiandong
Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Beijing 100050, China
Peng Zhibin
Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Beijing 100050, China
Feng Luzhao
Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Beijing 100050, China
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.08.003
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摘要

流感大流行在过去100年间出现过5次(1918年"西班牙流感"、1957年"亚洲流感"、1968年"香港流感"、1977年"俄罗斯流感"和2009年甲型H1N1流感),累计数亿人感染和数千万人死亡。历史文献表明5次大流行均波及我国多个地区,产生了较大规模的影响,其中1957、1968和1977年流感大流行被认为是从我国开始暴发。流感大流行直接促使我国设立公共卫生机构和流感专业部门,并在科学研究与疫情防控上加大投入。我国应当进一步加强流感大流行的准备与应对,承担流感领域领导者的责任,为全球健康作出贡献。

流感大流行;中国
ABSTRACT

Five influenza pandemics had occurred during the past century (1918 "Spanish flu" , 1957 "Asian flu" , 1968 "Hong Kong flu" , 1977 "Russian flu" and 2009 H1N1 Pandemic), accounting for hundreds of millions of people infected and tens of millions dead. China was influenced by all the five pandemics, and three of them (1957 "Asian flu" , 1968 "Hong Kong flu" and 1977 "Russian flu" ) were originated from China. The pandemics triggered the establishment of public health agencies and influenza surveillance capacities. In addition, more resources were allocated to influenza-related research, prevention and control. As a leader in the field of influenza, China should further strengthen its pandemic preparedness and response to contribute to global health.

Influenza pandemic;China
Feng Luzhao, Email: nc.defcdabcanihczlgnef

Qin Ying and Zhao Mengjiao are the first authors who contributed equally to the article.

引用本文

秦颖,赵梦娇,谭亚运,等. 中国流感大流行的百年历史[J]. 中华流行病学杂志,2018,39(8):1028-1031.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.08.003

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*以上评分为匿名评价
流感大流行是给人类健康和社会经济带来沉重打击的灾难。从古希腊时期至今,人类历史中记载发生过十几次流感大流行。过往百年,有明确证据的流感大流行出现过5次(WHO定义了4次),累计数亿人感染和数千万人死亡。这5次流感大流行均波及中国多个地区,其中3次被认为是从中国开始暴发( 表1 )。现通过历史回顾概述百年流感大流行在我国造成的影响,并对今后流感大流行可能带来的风险加以警示。
事件 我国源发地 时间 病毒亚型 影响程度
1918年"西班牙流感" 南方 1918年5月 H1N1 全国死亡400万~950万
1957年"亚洲流感" 西南部 1957年2月 H2N2 1957年2-3月发病率30 %~50 %,病死率0.01 %;1957年12月至1958年4月,部分地区病死率0.6 %~1.0 %
1968年"香港流感" 香港地区 1968年7月 H3N2 1968-1992年期间流感活动最强烈的1年,香港地区40万~60万人发病
1977年"俄罗斯流感" 北方 1977年5月 H1N1 历年来最高仅次于1968年,但影响相对较小
2009年"甲型H1N1流感" 四川 2009年5月 pH1N1 感染率为7 704/10万,超额死亡3万人
1918-2018年中国流感大流行概况
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备注信息
A
冯录召,Email: nc.defcdabcanihczlgnef
B

秦颖和赵梦娇为共同第一作者

C
感谢美国CDC中美新发和再发传染病合作项目张然、Carolyn Greene、宋英、周穗赞的帮助与支持
D
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