职业性接触对苯二胺对工人肝肾功能的影响

樊琳; 张明; 刘保峰; 刘静; 唐慧晶; 朱宝立; 缪荣明; 张美辨; 方兴林; 方家阳; 赵淑岚; 曾强; 顾清

doi:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.12.012

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中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

• 调查研究 •

ENGLISH ABSTRACT

职业性接触对苯二胺对工人肝肾功能的影响

作者及单位信息

出版日期： 2018 -12 -20 ·

DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.12.012

Effects of p-Phenylene diamine on liver and kidney functions of occupational exposed workers

Authors Info & Affiliations

Fan Lin

Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China.

Zhang Ming

Liu Baofeng

Liu Jing

Tang Huijing

Zhu Baoli

Miao Rongming

Zhang Meibian

Fang Xinglin

Fang Jiayang

Zhao Shulan

Zeng Qiang

Gu Qing

Published： 2018 -12 -20 ·

DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.12.012

APP内阅读

摘要

目的分析对苯二胺对职业接触人员肝肾功能的影响。

方法于选取使用对苯二胺作为生产原料的某染发剂生产企业中的工人作为主要研究人群。对工人的基本情况进行问卷调查，对一般健康状况以及肝肾功能进行职业健康体检，职业健康检查在台州市肿瘤医院进行，所有数据用EpiData 3.1软件建立数据库，SPSS 20.0统计分析软件进行整理和分析。

结果在高浓度对苯二胺浓度暴露工人中，肝功能指标直接胆红素、前白蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、谷草转氨酶、谷氨酰转肽酶、总胆红素均处于正常高值，并且与低浓度对苯二胺暴露工人和对照组差别有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。肾功能指标中血肌酐和血尿酸在高浓度苯二胺暴露工人中明显高于低浓度暴露和对照组工人（ P<0.05）。

结论暴露于对苯二胺的职业环境可能会对肝肾功能产生潜在危害。长期暴露于对苯二胺的职业环境中，导致累积暴露量增加，可导致职业暴露工人的潜在的慢性肝脏和肾脏损害。

关键词：对苯二胺;职业暴露;肝功能;肾功能

ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo study the effect of p-phenylenediamine (PPD) on liver and kidney function in occupational exposed workers.

MethodsWorkers in a hair dye production enterprise which used p-phenylenediamine as a raw material for production were selected as the main research population. Then we conducted a questionnaire survey on the basic conditions of workers and conducted occupational health checkups on general health status, liver and kidney function. Occupational health examination assessment results were tested in Taizhou Cancer Hospital. All data was built using EpiData 3.1 software, and statistical analysis was performed using software SPSS 20.0.

ResultsThe liver function indicators including direct bilirubin, prealbumin, total protein, and white protein, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, glutamyl transpeptidase, and total bilirubin in the workers exposed to high concentration of PPD were at high normal values, and these indicators were significantly different from low PPD concentration group ( P<0.05) . The serum creatinine and serum uric acid in the renal function index were significantly higher in workers exposed to PPD than in workers exposed to low concentrations and in the control group ( P<0.05) .

ConclusionOccupational exposed to PPD may have a hazard to the workers’ liver and kidney function. Long-term occupational exposure to PPD may lead to increased cumulative exposure of workers, which may cause potential chronic liver and kidney damage in occupationally exposed populations.

KEYWORDS： P-phenylenediamine ;Occupational exposure;Liver function;Kidney function

Corresponding author: Gu Qing (E-mail: mocdef.6ab21513gniqug)

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All articles published represent the opinions of the authors, and do not reflect the official policy of the Chinese Medical Association or the Editorial Board, unless this is clearly specified.

引用本文

樊琳,张明,刘保峰,等. 职业性接触对苯二胺对工人肝肾功能的影响[J]. 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2018,36(12)：923-926.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2018.12.012

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未经授权，不得转载、摘编本刊文章，不得使用本刊的版式设计。

除非特别声明，本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华医学会和本刊编委会的观点。

对苯二胺（p-phenylenediamine，PPD）是最简单的芳香二胺之一，广泛用于染料、洗化、橡胶、国防等工业领域中。目前市场上的染发产品中尤其是黑色染发剂中80%以上都含有PPD。毒理学研究表明，PPD对人体的危害主要表现为超敏反应和免疫损伤，平均致敏率为0.4% ^{[
1
]}。PPD在肝脏发生代谢，随尿液排出体外，研究表明，PPD急性中毒可造成少尿、无尿以及血管内溶血、血肌酐升高等急性肾功能的损害 ^{[
2
,

3
]}。但长期暴露高浓度含有PPD染料与慢性肝肾损害的关系仍待确定。我们通过对浙江省某染发剂生产工厂的工人进行流行病学调查，对工作场所中PPD的现场检测进行采样分析，对作业工人进行肝、肾功能检测和一般健康状况的健康检查以及问卷调查，探索职业暴露PPD对肝肾功能的影响，为我国工作场所空气中对苯二胺检测标准和职业接触限值制定提供线索。

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