综述撷萃
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
慢性鼻-鼻窦炎与全身性糖皮质激素应用
孙淑娟
时光刚
作者及单位信息
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4106.2019.02.006
Classification and systemic glucocorticoids in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis
Sun Shujuan
Shi Guanggang
Authors Info & Affiliations
Sun Shujuan
Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250022, China
Shi Guanggang
Department of Otolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4106.2019.02.006
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摘要

慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(chronic rhinosinusitis,CRS)是涉及一个或几个鼻窦的黏膜炎性病变,是重要的医疗问题。CRS分为慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴或不伴鼻息肉。中国CRS发病率约为2.2%,低于欧美国家(5%~15%)。CRS不伴鼻息肉有Th1倾向性,转化生长因子-β在其发病过程中起重要作用。CRS伴鼻息肉有Th2偏向性,嗜酸性粒细胞、Th2型淋巴样细胞等炎性细胞及各类Th2介质共同起作用。CRS伴或不伴鼻息肉患者均推荐使用鼻用糖皮质激素。CRS伴鼻息肉尤其是严重、复发性鼻息肉患者,推荐使用全身性糖皮质激素;CRS不伴鼻息肉及儿童患者不推荐使用全身性糖皮质激素。

鼻窦炎;鼻息肉;糖皮质激素类
ABSTRACT

Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory disease of the mucous membrane involving one or more sinuses, and also it is an important medical problem. CRS is classified as chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps (CRSwNP or CRSsNP). The incidence of CRS in China is about 2.2%, which is lower than that in Europe and the United States (5% to 15%). CRSsNP shows Th1-type inflammation, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CRSsNP. Eosinophils, other inflammatory cells and Th2 inflammatory factors are participate in the disease of CRSwNP which performed Th2 inflammation.Nasal glucocorticoids are recommended for patients with CRSsNP and CRSwNP. Systemic glucocorticoids are recommended for CRSwNP, especially patients with severe or recurrent nasal polyps. Adults and children with CRSsNP are not recommended for systemic glucocorticoids.

Sinusitis;Nasal Polyps;Glucocorticoids
Shi Guanggang, Email: mocdef.3ab615826307
引用本文

孙淑娟,时光刚. 慢性鼻-鼻窦炎与全身性糖皮质激素应用[J]. 国际耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2019,43(2):84-89.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4106.2019.02.006

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慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(chronic rhinosinusitis,CRS)是涉及一个或几个鼻窦的黏膜炎性病变,对患者的生活质量产生明显的负面影响。2012EPOS欧洲鼻窦炎鼻息肉最新诊疗指南(EPOS2012) [ 1 ]指出CRS病程在12周以上,至少同时具有两种症状。成人CRS的临床表现为鼻窦的炎症表现为两种或两种以上的症状,其中一种应为鼻塞或鼻腔分泌物,还可表现为面部疼痛及嗅觉减少或丧失;除临床表现,还需辅助检查鼻内镜和(或)CT。儿童CRS的临床表现为鼻窦的炎症表现为两种或两种以上的症状,其中一种应为鼻塞或鼻腔分泌物,还可表现为面部疼痛及咳嗽(与成年人不同),辅助检查鼻内镜查看有无鼻息肉及中鼻道有无黏液性脓性分泌物,CT检查鼻窦复合体和鼻窦内的黏膜改变。
有关CRS的发病率缺乏流行病学研究。2009年CRS影响了美国3200万人(占总人口的16.3%) [ 2 ],2012年美国健康调查显示CRS是最常见的疾病之一,成人患病率为13% [ 3 ]。EPOS2012指南指出,在12个国家的19个中心进行大规模流行病学研究,包括超过50 000名受访者,CRS的总体发病率为10.9%,具有显著的地域差异(范围6.9%~27.1%) [ 1 ]。中国根据EPOS标准调查了18个主要城市的成年居民,通过随机抽样拨打研究对象的电话号码进行电话采访,18个城市的平均成人CRS患病率为2.2% [ 4 ]。中国的CRS发病率低于欧美国家。
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