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ENGLISH ABSTRACT
儿童流感嗜血杆菌感染诊断及治疗专家建议
中华医学会儿科学分会感染学组
中国儿童感染性疾病病原学及细菌耐药监测协作组
中华儿科杂志编辑委员会
作者及单位信息
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2019.09.004
Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of Haemophilus influenzae infection in children
The Subspeciality Group of Infectious Diseases, the Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association
the Group of Infectious Disease Surveillance of Pediatrics
the Editorial Board, Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
Authors Info & Affiliations
The Subspeciality Group of Infectious Diseases, the Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association
the Group of Infectious Disease Surveillance of Pediatrics
the Editorial Board, Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2019.09.004
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摘要

流感嗜血杆菌(HI)感染是儿童常见的疾病,临床以菌血症、脑膜炎、肺炎、中耳炎、鼻窦炎和外阴阴道炎常见。目前引起感染的HI菌型以不定型菌株为主,侵袭性感染临床症状较严重。病原诊断包括各种标本的培养、核酸检测、抗原抗体检测。近年HI耐药日益严重,但对第三代头孢菌素敏感性较高。本建议在阐述HI病原学、疾病负担、细菌耐药性和临床表现的基础上,对本病的诊断、抗感染治疗策略提出建议,对疫苗预防提出新的思考。

引用本文

中华医学会儿科学分会感染学组,中国儿童感染性疾病病原学及细菌耐药监测协作组,中华儿科杂志编辑委员会. 儿童流感嗜血杆菌感染诊断及治疗专家建议[J]. 中华儿科杂志,2019,57(9):663-668.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2019.09.004

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流感嗜血杆菌( Haemophilus influenzae,HI)是儿童呼吸道和生殖道标本经常分离到的条件致病菌之一 [ 1 , 2 , 3 ],是儿童社区获得性肺炎 [ 4 ]、细菌性中耳炎 [ 5 , 6 ]、急性鼻窦炎、结膜炎和青春前期女童细菌性阴道炎的常见病原菌 [ 2 ],也可侵入血流引起败血症、化脓性脑膜炎、肺炎和化脓性骨关节炎等侵袭性感染 [ 7 , 8 ],严重威胁儿童健康。侵袭性HI疾病的定义为从无菌部位分离到HI的感染。侵袭性HI疾病以5岁以下尤其是1岁以下儿童多见,可发生于无基础疾病的个体,临床症状往往较严重,病死率高,存活者常留有各种后遗症 [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]。非侵袭性HI疾病预后较好,但因在儿童中发病率高,疾病负担也很重。为帮助广大儿科医生更好地认识儿童HI疾病,达到熟悉HI疾病特征、提高病原学诊断和精准抗菌治疗的目的,中华医学会儿科学分会感染学组、中国儿童感染性疾病病原学及细菌耐药监测(infectious diseases surveillance of pediatrics,ISPED)协作组和中华儿科杂志编辑委员会组织国内专家,在综合分析国内外有关儿童HI疾病的病原学特点、疾病负担、细菌耐药表型、临床表现、实验检测和疫苗研究等最新进展的基础上,经过1年的酝酿及多次专家集中讨论,制定本建议。
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备注信息
A
华春珍,浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院感染病科,杭州 310003,Email: nc.defudabe.ujznehznuhcauh;俞蕙,复旦大学附属儿科医院感染科,上海 201102,Email: mocdef.aabnis6574iuhuy
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