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先天性白内障相关斜视研究进展
武雅贞
严宏 [综述]
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190401-00159
Research updates on strabismus associated with congenital cataract
Wu Yazhen
Yan Hong
Authors Info & Affiliations
Wu Yazhen
Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Affiliated Xi'an Fourth Hospital, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710004, China
Yan Hong
Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Affiliated Xi'an Fourth Hospital, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710004, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190401-00159
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摘要

先天性白内障患者常伴发斜视，斜视与白内障的发生关系密切，而斜视是阻碍双眼视建立及弱视治疗效果的危险因素之一，并且会严重影响患儿美观和身心健康。先天性白内障相关斜视的主要影响因素包括单眼或双眼先天性白内障、先天性白内障类型、先天性白内障手术年龄、先天性白内障手术方式、无晶状体眼的光学矫正方式等。先天性白内障手术后视觉康复与斜视的治疗密不可分。本文就先天性白内障相关斜视的发病率、发病机制、影响因素、手术治疗时机选择以及预后等进行综述，为先天性白内障相关斜视的临床治疗提供参考。

先天性白内障;斜视;发病机制;影响因素;手术时机
ABSTRACT

Patients with congenital cataract often present strabismus simultaneously.Strabismus is closely related to the occurrence of cataract, and is one of the main threats for the development of binocularity and the therapeutic effect of amblyopia.In addition, strabismus negatively affects the appearance and psychological well-being of patients.The influencing factors of strabismus associated with congenital cataract include bilateral or unilateral congenital cataract, type of cataract, timing of cataract surgery, cataract surgery techniques, type of optical correction of aphakia and so on.Visual rehabilitation after congenital cataract surgery is inseparable from the treatment of strabismus.In this article, recent progress on the incidence, pathogenesis, influencing factors, timing of surgery and prognosis of strabismus associated with congenital cataract were reviewed, which might help to understand its clinical features and relevant treatment strategy.

Congenital cataract;Strabismus;Pathogenesis;Influencing factors;Surgical timing
Yan Hong, Email: nc.defudabe.ummfbgnohy
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武雅贞,严宏. 先天性白内障相关斜视研究进展[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2021,39(04)：346-350.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190401-00159

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先天性白内障是儿童可治性盲的主要病因之一，目前，全世界群体发病率为0.6/10 000～9.7/10 000 [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]，中国群体发病率为0.7/10 000～5.6/10 000 [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]，是儿童常见眼病之一。先天性白内障患儿从视力发育不成熟的婴幼儿期即存在白内障，干扰了其双眼视的发育和眼位 [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]。此外，过度遮盖治疗、两眼视觉刺激不等和屈光参差等因素会干扰正常双眼单视的建立，从而引起斜视发生。据报道，先天性白内障术前斜视的发生率为20%～40% [ 10 , 11 ]，白内障术后可高达80%以上 [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]。斜视是阻碍双眼单视建立及影响弱视治疗效果的危险因素，并且会严重影响患儿美观和身心健康 [ 15 , 16 ]。适时合理矫正斜视，对于先天性白内障患儿视功能重建及身心健康极为关键 [ 12 ]。先天性白内障相关斜视的治疗一直是专业内广大医师关注并存有争议的话题。本文就先天性白内障相关斜视的发病率、发病机制、影响因素、手术治疗时机选择以及预后等进行综述，以期为临床工作提供参考。
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备注信息
A
严宏，Email： nc.defudabe.ummfbgnohy
B
所有作者均声明不存在任何利益冲突
C
国家自然科学基金面上项目 (81873674、82070947)
西安市第四医院联合科研项目 (LH-6)
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