背景多发性骨髓瘤(MM)是一种单克隆浆细胞异常聚集的恶性血液病,骨质损害是其定义性临床症状之一,因此骨质评价显得尤其重要。由于脂肪组织是骨髓的重要组成成分,且异常骨髓微环境在MM发病中起着重要作用,因而骨髓脂肪含量在MM发病中的作用逐渐受到重视。目前采用磁共振Dixon技术测量椎体骨髓脂肪含量百分比(FF)变化,其对于MM疾病演变和早期新诊断MM(NDMM)起到关键性作用。
目的探究磁共振两点T1加权Dixon技术所测FF对NDMM的诊断价值。
方法选取2016年7月—2019年12月在北京朝阳医院西院住院确诊的MM患者30例,将MM患者分成NDMM组25例和意义未明单克隆丙种球蛋白血症(MGUS)组5例,选取同期于本院体检的健康志愿者20例为健康对照组(HC组)。采用3.0T MRI(西门子德国)两点T1加权Dixon技术分别测量NDMM组、MUGS组和HC组的L 1~5各椎体FF以及各组的平均椎体FF。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)评估椎体FF对NDMM的诊断效能。
结果NDMM组L 1~5各椎体FF均低于MGUS组和HC组( P<0.05)。NDMM组平均椎体FF低于HC组、MGUS组( P<0.05)。FF诊断NDMM的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)95% CI为0.946(0.917,0976),最佳截断值为59.35%,灵敏度和特异度分别为87.20%、96.00%。
结论NDMM组椎体骨髓FF明显低于MGUS组和HC组,Dixon所测腰椎椎体骨髓FF对于NDMM诊断具有一定的价值。
BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant proliferative hematological disease with abnormal accumulation of monoclonal plasma cells.Bone damage is one of its clinically defined presentations, thus making it particularly important to evaluate the degree of bone damage.Given the fact that fatty tissue is an important component of bone marrow and abnormal bone marrow microenvironment plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MM, more and more attention has been paid to the role of bone marrow fat content in the pathogenesis of MM.So far, Dixon imaging has been employed to measure the change in fat fraction of vertebral bone marrow, which plays a key role in the development of MM and newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) .
ObjectiveWe aimed to explore the value of the fat fraction acquired by T1-weighted two-point Dixon technique in the diagnosis of NDMM.
MethodsThirty inpatients with a definite diagnosis of MM〔including 25 with NDMM, and 5 with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) 〕 and 20 health examinees were recruited from Beijing Chao-yang Hospital (West Branch) from July 2016 to December 2019.The average fat fraction of each vertebral body (L 1-5) and the average vertebral fat fraction of NDMM and MGUS patients and healthy controls were obtained by T1-weighted two-point Dixon technique at 3.0T MRI (Siemens Germany) .ROC curve analysis was utilized to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of fat fraction for NDMM.
ResultsCompared to MGUS patients and healthy controls, NDMM patients had less average fat fraction of each vertebral body (L 1-5) ( P<0.05) .They also had less average vertebral fat fraction ( P<0.05) .ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of fat fraction for the diagnosis of NDMM was 0.946〔95% CI (0.917, 0.976) 〕, with the optimal cut-off value of 59.35%, and 87.20% sensitivity and 96.00% specificity.
ConclusionThe fat fraction of vertebral bone marrow measured by T1-weighted two-point Dixon technique at 3.0T MRI was significantly lower in NDMM patients, which may has a certain value for diagnosing NDMM.
PEI X J, PAN Z Y, LIAN Y F, et al. Predictive value of fat fraction quantification of lumbar spine for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2021, 24 (20) : 2601-2606.
PEI Xiaojiao and PAN Zhenyu are co-first authors
裴晓姣,潘振宇,炼宇飞,等. 椎体骨髓脂肪含量比在新诊断多发性骨髓瘤中的诊断价值[J]. 中国全科医学,2021,24(20):2601-2606.
DOI:10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2021.00.557-1本刊2021年版权归中国全科医学杂志社所有
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骨痛和骨质破坏是多数多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者就诊的主要原因,也是MM终末器官损害的主要临床表现,故其研究进展备受关注,国际骨髓瘤工作组已把磁共振纳入新诊断多发性骨髓瘤(NDMM)的诊断和疗效评价标准中。MM是一种高度依赖骨髓微环境的恶性浆细胞病,从MM前期的意义未明单克隆免疫球蛋白血症(MGUS)进展到MM,随着骨髓中克隆性浆细胞的恶性增殖,骨髓的脂肪含量减少,使骨髓微环境向着有利于肿瘤细胞生长的方向进展。本文探究磁共振两点T1加权Dixon技术所测椎体骨髓脂肪含量比(FF)用于新诊断多发性骨髓瘤(NDMM)患者的诊断价值,对临床有一定指导价值。
(1)本研究病例的样本量较小,得出的结论存在一定局限性;(2)本研究没有治疗前后骨髓椎体FF的对比变化趋势研究。
项目 | 总数( n=30) | NDMM( n=25) | MGUS( n=5) |
---|---|---|---|
年龄(
|
63.6±9.6 | 62.1±10.2 | 64.4±6.6 |
性别(男/女) | 20/10 | 17/8 | 3/2 |
IgG/IgA/IgD/轻链 | 11/7/1/6 | 11/7/1/6 | - |
MGUS/SMM | - | - | 4/1 |
浆细胞瘤百分比(
|
29.87±23.68 | 36.46±22.73 | 6.25±4.79 |
血清钙>2.75 mmol/L〔 n(%)〕 | 2(6.7) | 1(4.0) | 1(20.0) |
肌酐>177 μmol/L〔 n(%)〕 | 9(30.0) | 9(36.0) | 0 |
血红蛋白<10 g/L〔 n(%)〕 | 19(63.3) | 19(76.0) | 0 |
骨损害〔 n(%)〕 | 22(73.3) | 22(88.0) | 0 |
总胆固醇(
|
3.59±1.23 | 3.45±1.27 | 4.27±0.75 |
三酰甘油(
|
1.81±1.28 | 1.74±1.31 | 2.17±1.15 |
注:MGUS=意义未明单克隆免疫球蛋白血症,SMM=无症状冒烟型骨髓瘤,NDMM=新诊断多发性骨髓瘤;-表示无相关数据
注:IP=同相位,FO=脂相,FFM=脂肪比图像,MM=多发性骨髓瘤,MGUS=意义未明单克隆免疫球蛋白血症,HC=健康对照;A~C分别代表NDMM组的IP、FO图像和FFM均显示信号明显减低;D~E分别代表MGUS组的IP、FO图像和FFM信号未见明显异常,但部分椎体内有脂肪沉积;G~I分别代表HC组的IP、FO图像和FFM信号未见明显异常
T1-weighted Dixon IP images,FO images and FFM images of three groups measured by T1-weighted two-point Dixon technique at 3.0T MRI组别 | 例数 | L 1 | L 2 | L 3 | L 4 | L 5 | F值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NDMM | 25 | 36.46±17.32 | 35.82±19.08 | 37.97±18.13 | 40.70±17.69 | 39.65±18.41 | 0.351 | 0.843 |
MGUS | 5 | 58.34±10.55 a | 61.42±10.17 a | 65.04±7.17 a | 63.82±4.54 a | 66.78±4.73 a | 0.875 | 0.496 |
HC | 20 | 65.09±4.93 a | 66.66±5.43 a | 67.16±4.94 a | 67.65±6.10 a | 67.99±4.41 a | 0.956 | 0.436 |
F值 | 29.945 | 27.097 | 28.436 | 24.432 | 27.003 | |||
P值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
注:与MDMM组比较, a P<0.05;HC组=健康对照组
注:裴晓姣和潘振宇为共同第一作者
裴晓姣,潘振宇,炼宇飞,等.椎体骨髓脂肪含量比在新诊断多发性骨髓瘤中的诊断价值[J].中国全科医学,2021,24(20):2601-2606.[www.chinagp.net]
裴晓姣进行实验操作、数据收集、统计分析和论文撰写;潘振宇主导本项目的研究设计;黄仲夏负责论文的质控和论文修改;蒋涛提供建设性讨论建议;炼宇飞、申曼参与临床和影像数据收集和分析;蒋涛、黄仲夏对文章整体负责、监督管理。

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