首页 中华实验眼科杂志 2021年39卷06期 近距离工作与青少年近视发生和发展的关系
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ENGLISH ABSTRACT
近距离工作与青少年近视发生和发展的关系
林瑶瑶 
金婉卿 
[综述]
[综述]
作者及单位信息
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DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190505-00206
Relationship between near work and the development of myopia in adolescents
Lin Yaoyao
Jin Wanqing
Authors Info & Affiliations
Lin Yaoyao
The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
Jin Wanqing
The Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190505-00206
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摘要
青少年近视已成为我国严重的公共卫生问题，呈现出高发病率、低龄化的特点。近视被认为是遗传因素和环境因素共同作用的一类疾病。近年来，环境因素中的近距离工作已成为近视发生和发展危险因素的研究热点，但近距离工作与近视发生和发展之间的关系仍存在争议。本文对近距离工作的内容、近距离工作总时长、近距离工作强度与近视发生和发展的相关流行病学研究(包括横断面研究和纵向研究)以及相关机制研究(近视工作诱导的短暂性近视、调节滞后、巩膜缺氧学说)进行总结，为近视流行病学和近视形成病因学研究提供参考依据。
青少年;近视;发生;发展;近距离工作
ABSTRACT
Juvenile myopia has become a serious public health problem in China, presenting rapidly increasing incidence and younger onset age.Refractive eye development is controlled by both genetic and environmental factors.In recent years, near work among environmental factors has become a hotspot in myopia risk factors research.However, the association between near work and myopia still remains controversial.In this article, the epidemiological studies on the relationship between near work content, total time spent on near work, intensity of near work and myopia, and its possible mechanisms (including near-work-induced transient myopia, accommodative lag and scleral hypoxia) were summarized, so as to provide reference for myopia epidemiology and etiology.
Adolescents;Myopia;Occurrence;Development;Near work
Jin Wanqing, Email:
mocdef.3ab61wqjycw
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引用本文
林瑶瑶,金婉卿. 近距离工作与青少年近视发生和发展的关系[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2021,39(06)：563-567.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190505-00206PERMISSIONS
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除非特别声明，本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华医学会和本刊编委会的观点。
近视作为一种常见的眼病，被认为是遗传因素和环境因素共同作用的一类疾病
[
1
]。若发展为高度近视，会增加患青光眼、视网膜脱离和白内障等眼病的风险
[
2
]。既往系统综述和Meta分析结果显示，2010年全球近视患病率为28.3%，这一数字将从2020年的34.0%增加到2030年的39.9%，预计2050年将达到49.8%
[
3
]。青少年近视已成为我国严重的公共卫生问题，呈现发病率快速增长且不断低龄化的特点。近年来，学者们对近距离工作是如何作用于儿童近视发生和发展进行了探索，然而近距离工作与近视之间的关系仍存在争议。本文通过分析近距离工作内容、时长、强度与近视发生和发展的相关流行病学研究以及近视诱导的短暂性近视(near-work-induced transient myopia，NITM)、调节滞后、巩膜缺氧学说等相关机制研究，为进一步研究近视发生和发展的机制提供理论依据。
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