核酸检测作为新型冠状病毒实验室检测的主要手段，在国内疫情防控中发挥了重大作用。随着国内本土病例的动态"清零"和对病毒经物品传播风险的深入认识，"人物同防"已成为当前我国疫情防控的重点，环境新型冠状病毒核酸监测成为常态化防控中不可或缺的环节之一。然而，由于新冠疫苗接种和相关科学研究的进行，新型冠状病毒核酸环境监测屡屡出现"假阳性"，给疫情防控带来了困扰。本文通过分析文献资料，总结疫情防控经验，对核酸检测方法、环境核酸污染来源、鉴别方法和防控措施等方面进行了分析和总结，并提出应对策略，供处理相关疫情参考。
As the main method of laboratory testing of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), nucleic acid testing has played a major role in domestic epidemic prevention and control. With the dynamic "clearing" of domestic cases and the in-depth understanding of the risk of virus transmission through contaminated articles, prevention and control of infected persons and contaminated articles has become the focus of current epidemic prevention and control in our country. Environmental surveillance on SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid is one of the indispensable patterns in regular prevention and control. However, due to the vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and SARS-CoV-2 related scientific activities, frequent "false positive" nucleic acid test results in the environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 have caused confusions in the prevention and control of epidemics. For providing a reference for epidemic control, the nucleic acid detection methods, sources of environmental nucleic acid contamination, identification methods as well as prevention and control measures were analyzed and countermeasures were proposed, by summarizing the experience of epidemic prevention and control and literature reviewing.
李夫,张代涛,贾蕾,等. 环境样本新型冠状病毒核酸检测阳性结果评估及处置建议[J]. 国际病毒学杂志,2021,28(03)：177-181.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4092.2021.03.001版权归中华医学会所有。
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