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ENGLISH ABSTRACT
骨质疏松基础研究的现状与展望
冷子宽
寇红伟
刘宏建
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn421213-20201110-01405
Current situation and prospect of basic research on osteoporosis
Leng Zikuan
Kou Hongwei
Liu Hongjian
Authors Info & Affiliations
Leng Zikuan
Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Kou Hongwei
Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
Liu Hongjian
Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn421213-20201110-01405
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摘要

骨质疏松症是一种严重危害老年人健康的疾患。目前临床上治疗骨质疏松的药物主要有骨矿化促进药、骨吸收抑制药和骨形成促进药，可供选择种类仍然有限，亟待更多的基础研究成果向临床转化。本文将阐述骨质疏松基础领域新的潜在的治疗靶点和相关机制的研究现状：(1)骨质疏松发生发展的病理生理机制：骨重塑过程中的免疫调节(RANK/RANKL通路和WNT通路)；(2)单克隆抗体生物制剂研究(抗骨硬化蛋白Romosozumab)与骨质疏松；(3)细胞因子(骨形态发生蛋白、转化生长因子-β、生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子-1)与骨质疏松；(4)转录因子(GATA4、SFRP1、Tph1和DDK1)与骨质疏松；(5)干细胞与骨质疏松；(6)其他："骨骼-肠道菌群"调节轴和miRNAs等。

骨质疏松症;发病机制;治疗
ABSTRACT

Osteoporosis is a severe disease for the aged people worldwide. There are only three alternatives, namely mineralization drugs, anti-resorptions and bone formation promoters. More basic achievements need to be proved efficiently in patients. We summarized the front basic research of osteoporosis such as the new potential treatment targets and the related mechanism. Firstly, we summarized the progress about the physiopathologic research including the immune regulation of bone remodeling namely RANK/RANKL pathway and WNT signal pathway. Secondly, the monoclonal antibody biology drugs benefit the osteoporosis. Thirdly, cytokines including bone morphogenetic protein, transforming growth factor, growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor influence the bone formation and resorption. Fourthly, transcriptions such as GATA4, SFRP1, Tph1 and DDK1 are also related with osteoporosis. Fifthly, mesenchymal stem cells play roles in the etiopathology of osteoporosis and their potential use for the treatment of this disease is discussed. Lastly, the relationship between bone-gut microbiome axis and miRNAs and osteoporosis is described.

Osteoporosis;Pathological mechanism;Treatment
Liu Hongjian, Email: mocdef.6ab21dmnaijgnoh
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引用本文

冷子宽,寇红伟,刘宏建. 骨质疏松基础研究的现状与展望[J]. 中华实验外科杂志,2021,38(07)：1189-1192.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn421213-20201110-01405

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骨质疏松症(osteoporosis，OP)是一种以骨量减少、骨组织微结构破坏，骨骼脆性增加和易发生骨折为特点的全身性疾病。骨质疏松好发于老年人，其患病率随着年龄的增加而增高。中国国家卫生健康委员会2018年开展我国骨质疏松症流行病学调查显示，40~49岁的人群骨质疏松症患病率为3.2%，而50~64岁人群和65岁以上人群的患病率分别为19.2%和32%。骨质疏松性骨折是OP的严重并发症之一，发生髋部骨折后1年之内，20%患者会死于各种并发症，约50%患者致残，生活质量明显下降 [ 1 ]。目前临床上常用的抗骨松药物有：骨矿化促进药(钙剂和维生素D)、骨吸收抑制药(双磷酸盐类、降钙素类、雌激素类、选择性雌激素受体调节剂SERMs、核因子-κB受体活化因子配体RANKL制剂)、骨形成促进药(甲状旁腺激素类似物)和其他机制类药物(锶盐类药和维生素K2)。可供选择种类仍然有限，亟待更多的基础研究成果向临床转化。本文将阐述骨质疏松基础研究领域新的潜在的治疗靶点和相关机制的研究进展。
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