目的研究累及黄斑的孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD)玻璃体切割联合内界膜(ILM)剥除对预防黄斑前膜(ERM)形成和视力预后的影响。
方法采用队列研究方法，纳入2015年1月至2018年1月就诊于保定市第一中心医院累及黄斑的RRD患者74例74眼。所有患者均接受玻璃体切割术及硅油眼内填充，且术后视网膜均成功复位。根据玻璃体切割术中是否行ILM剥除，将患者分为ILM未剥除组36例36眼和ILM剥除组38例38眼；所有受检者均于玻璃体切割术后3~5个月行硅油取出术。分别于术前及硅油取出术后1、6和12个月行最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、裂隙灯显微镜、间接检眼镜、彩色眼底照相、光相干断层扫描(OCT)检查。
结果术后1个月，2个组患眼中均未发现ERM；术后6个月，ILM未剥除组中3眼形成ERM，占8.33%，ILM剥除组2眼出现ERM，占5.26%，2个组ERM发生率比较差异无统计学意义( P＝0.067)；术后12个月，ILM未剥除组中共9眼出现ERM，占25.00%，ILM剥除组中共4眼出现ERM，占10.53%，2个组ERM的发生率比较差异无统计学意义( χ 2＝2.674， P＝0.102)。2个组患者手术前后不同时间点间BCVA总体比较差异有统计学意义( F 时间＝31.692， P<0.001)；各组内术后1、6、12个月BCVA均明显优于术前值，差异均有统计学意义(均 P<0.05)。2个组间BCVA总体比较差异无统计学意义( F 组别＝0.117， P＝0.773)。OCT结果显示，术后12个月时ILM未剥除组中椭圆体带完整者25眼，占77.78%，ILM剥除组椭圆体带完整者30眼，占78.95%，2个组间椭圆体带完整眼数比较差异无统计学意义( χ 2＝0.875， P＝0.350)。
结论与单纯玻璃体切割术比较，累及黄斑的RRD患者玻璃体切割术中联合ILM剥除不能预防术后ERM的发生，对患者的视力预后无明显影响。
ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of vitrectomy combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling on the prevention of post-vitrectomy epiretinal membrane (ERM) in macular-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and its influence on visual outcomes.
MethodsA cohort study was conducted.Seventy-four patients (74 eyes) with macular-off RRD, who realized retinal reattachment after vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade from January 2015 to January 2018 in Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital, were enrolled.The patients were divided into the non-ILM peeling group (36 cases, 36 eyes) and ILM peeling group (38 cases, 38 eyes) according to whether they received ILM peeling or not.The patients underwent silicone oil removal within 3 to 5 months after the surgery.Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp microscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy, fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were examined before and at 1, 6 and 12 months after the surgery.This study protocol adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of Baoding NO.1 Central Hospital (No.[2019]042). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient.
ResultsThere was no ERM found in the two groups at 1 month after the operation.There were 3 eyes (8.33%) with ERM in the non-ILM peeling group and 2 eyes (5.26%) in the ILM peeling group at 6 months after the operation, with no statistically significant difference between them ( P=0.067). There were 9 eyes (25.00%) with ERM in the non-ILM peeling group and 4 eyes (10.53%) in the ILM peeling group at 12 months postoperatively, with no statistically significant difference between them ( χ 2=2.674, P=0.102). There was a significant difference in BCVA between before and after the operation in the two groups ( F time=31.692, P<0.001). Postoperative 1-, 6-and 12-month BCVA were all significantly better than the preoperative BCVA in the two groups (all at P<0.05). There was no significant difference in BCVA between the two groups ( F group=0.117, P=0.773). OCT images showed that there were 25 eyes (77.78%) and 30 eyes (78.95%) with the intact ellipsoid zone in the non-ILM peeling group and ILM peeling group at 12 months after the operation, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between them ( χ 2=0.875, P=0.350).
ConclusionsCompared with vitrectomy alone, the vitrectomy combined with ILM peeling does not show better efficacy in the prevention of ERM occurrence in macula-off RRD patients and has no obvious influence on postoperative visual acuity.
付燕,谢天皓,杨娜,等. 内界膜剥除对孔源性视网膜脱离玻璃体切割术后黄斑前膜形成及视力预后的影响[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2022,40(01)：62-66.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190428-00188版权归中华医学会所有。
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