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ENGLISH ABSTRACT
结核分枝杆菌γ-干扰素释放试验及临床应用专家意见（2021年版）
中华医学会结核病学分会
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20211110-00794
Expert opinions on clinical application of interferon-γ release assay of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (2021 edition)
Chinese Society for Tuberculosis, Chinese Medical Association
Chen Xinchun
Li Liang
Authors Info & Affiliations
Chinese Society for Tuberculosis, Chinese Medical Association
Chen Xinchun
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518052, China
Li Liang
Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20211110-00794
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摘要

γ-干扰素释放试验（IGRA）是世界卫生组织推荐的用于诊断结核分枝杆菌感染的体外免疫学方法，也是我国肺结核诊断标准中用于活动性结核辅助诊断的手段之一。近年，IGRA的方法和技术不断发展和更新，在国内的临床应用中也积累了丰富的经验。本专家意见在中华医学会结核病学分会2014年编写的《γ-干扰素释放试验在中国应用的建议》基础上，根据最新发展和临床经验进行修订和完善，从原理和技术进展、质量控制、结核潜伏感染诊断的应用、活动性肺结核辅助诊断应用、特殊人群中的应用以及常见药物对IGRA结果的影响六个部分提出专家意见，以期为IGRA在中国的临床应用提供指导。

ABSTRACT

Interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) is an in vitro immunological technique for Mycobacterium tuberculosis diagnosis, which is recommended by the World Health Organization. As one of the auxiliary diagnosis methods for active tuberculosis in diagnostic criteria of China, the method and technique have been developed in recent years, and a wealth of clinical applied experience has been accumulated in the clinical application in China. Based on the “ Opinions of applications of IGRA in China (2014 edition)” issued by Chinese Society for Tuberculosis, Chinese Medical Association, it was revised and improved according to the latest developments and clinical experience, and the expert opinions were presented in six parts: principles and technical advances, quality control, application of latent tuberculosis infection diagnosis, auxiliary diagnosis of active tuberculosis, application in special populations, and the influence of common drugs on IGRA results, with a view to providing guidance for the clinical application of IGRA in China.

Chen Xinchun,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Disease, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518052, China, Email: nc.defudabe.uzsnuhcnixnehc
Li Liang,Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China, Email: grodef.3ab21btgnailil
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引用本文

中华医学会结核病学分会. 结核分枝杆菌γ-干扰素释放试验及临床应用专家意见（2021年版）[J]. 中华结核和呼吸杂志,2022,45(02)：143-150.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20211110-00794

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γ-干扰素释放试验（interferon-γ release assay，IGRA）是检测结核分枝杆菌（ Mycobacterium tuberculosis，MTB）特异性抗原刺激T细胞产生的γ-干扰素（IFN-γ），以判断是否存在MTB感染。IGRA适应证主要包括结核潜伏感染（latent tuberculosis infection，LTBI）的诊断和活动性结核（active tuberculosis，ATB）的辅助诊断，与结核菌素皮肤试验（tuberculin skin test，TST）相比具有明显优势：特异度高，不受卡介苗接种及大多数非结核分枝杆菌（nontuberculous mycobacteria，NTM）的干扰；使用单一阈值作为阳性判断标准；作为体外诊断方法，更适用于疫情检测和流行病学调查。IGRA作为世界卫生组织（world health organization，WHO）推荐的用于诊断MTB感染的体外免疫学方法，2017年我国肺结核诊断行业标准（WS 288-2017）增加了IGRA作为免疫学检查的手段之一 ［ 1 ］ 。
近年来，随着国内学者在IGRA临床应用方面经验的积累，方法和技术的不断发展和更新，我国原有的专家建议不能更好地指导目前IGRA临床应用。鉴于此，2021年1月16日，中华医学会结核病分会组织国内结核病防治领域有经验的专家讨论制定了本意见的总体框架并进行了细致分工。2021年4月底编写组完成了意见草案，并于2021年5月8日在北京召开了审稿会；于5月27—31日以函审方式，对意见进行逐条讨论、修改和完善。在获得所有编写组成员确认后进行发表。
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备注信息
A
陈心春，广东省区域免疫与疾病重点实验室 深圳大学基础医学院病原生物学系，深圳518052，Email： nc.defudabe.uzsnuhcnixnehc
B
李亮，北京市结核病胸部肿瘤研究所 首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院，北京101149，Email： grodef.3ab21btgnailil
C

中华医学会结核病学分会. 结核分枝杆菌γ-干扰素释放试验及临床应用专家意见（2021年版）[J]. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2022, 45(2): 143-150. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20211110-00794.

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