综述
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
角膜内皮移植术不同时期并发症的成因及处理
东玥言
张弘 [综述]
作者及单位信息
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200107-00009
Causes and treatment of complications in different stages of endothelial keratoplasty
Dong Yueyan
Zhang Hong
Authors Info & Affiliations
Dong Yueyan
Eye Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
Zhang Hong
Eye Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200107-00009
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摘要

随着角膜内皮移植术在国内外的广泛开展和应用,角膜内皮移植术作为目前治疗角膜内皮失代偿的较理想术式,其优点不言而喻,但也存在植片制备、术中及术后发生并发症的可能。本文以2种常见的角膜内皮治疗术式——角膜后弹力层剥除内皮移植术和角膜后弹力层内皮移植术为例,从植片制备并发症(如植片穿孔、植片撕裂)、术中并发症(如植片展开困难、植片倒置)和术后并发症(如植片脱落、术后高眼压)等方面详细介绍不同并发症对应的处理方法。通过对角膜内皮移植术不同时期并发症的发生、影响因素及处理方法等方面的研究进展进行综述,以期为临床医师对角膜内皮移植术各期并发症的诊疗提供参考。

角膜后弹力层剥除内皮移植术;角膜后弹力层内皮移植术;并发症;治疗
ABSTRACT

As an ideal surgical method for treating corneal endothelial decompensation, endothelial keratoplasty has been widely applied.It has many advantages, but there are also complications during graft preparation, intraoperative operation and postoperative recovery.The two common types of corneal endothelial keratoplasty, Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty, were taken as examples in this article to introduce the treatment of complications during graft preparation, such as graft perforation and graft tear, intraoperative complications, for instance, difficulty in expanding graft and graft inversion, postoperative complications including graft detachment, high intraocular pressure, etc.The incidence of complications at different stages of endothelial keratoplasty, influencing factors and treatment methods were reviewed to provide a reference for clinicians to diagnose and treat complications of endothelial keratoplasty at various stages.

Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty;Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty;Complications;Treatment
Zhang Hong, Email: mocdef.3ab6165450540831
引用本文

东玥言,张弘. 角膜内皮移植术不同时期并发症的成因及处理[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2022,40(02):178-182.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200107-00009

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目前大多数研究认为,人出生后角膜内皮细胞不可再生,极易受到疾病、药物或者内眼手术的影响而造成不可逆的损伤 [ 1 ]。以往用于治疗角膜内皮失代偿的手术方式有穿透角膜移植术和后板层角膜移植术,但由于缝线相关并发症、排斥反应及术后散光的影响,这些术式逐渐被角膜内皮移植术所替代。Melles团队分别在2004年和2006年提出角膜后弹力层剥除内皮移植术(Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty,DSEK)和角膜后弹力层内皮移植术(Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty,DMEK) [ 2 , 3 ]。随后Gorovoy [ 4 ]采用微型角膜刀代替手工剥离并将这种DSEK术式命名为DSAEK(Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty)。角膜内皮移植术具有术后恢复快、视力改善明显、排斥反应发生率低及无缝线相关并发症等诸多优势,其适应证包括Fuchs角膜内皮营养不良、后部多形性角膜营养不良、先天性遗传性角膜内皮营养不良、虹膜角膜内皮综合征、医源性大泡性角膜病变、穿透角膜移植术后角膜内皮失代偿等角膜前部正常而仅累及角膜内皮的病变 [ 5 ]。尽管内皮移植术在手术技术、植片制备、辅助检查等方面已经有了长足的进步,但依然存在发生并发症的可能,如DMEK和DSAEK植片制备过程中发生的撕裂或穿孔,术中出现的植片翻转、植片展开困难、内皮细胞损失以及术后可能出现的植片脱落、术后高眼压、黄斑囊样水肿、远视偏移及排斥反应等 [ 6 ]。本文就角膜内皮移植术植片制备、术中及术后不同时期常见并发症的发生率、影响因素及处理方法进行综述。
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张弘,Email: mocdef.3ab6165450540831
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国家自然科学基金项目 (U20A20363、81970776)
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目 (LH2020H039)
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