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ENGLISH ABSTRACT
高度近视与青光眼相互影响机制的探讨
曹奕雯
杨迪亚 [综述]
王宁利 [综述]
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2015.03.018
Discussion of possible interaction mechanisms between high myopia and glaucoma
Cao Yiwen
Yang Diya
Wang Ningli
Authors Info & Affiliations
Cao Yiwen
Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
Yang Diya
Wang Ningli
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2015.03.018
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摘要

近视被认为是青光眼发病的危险因素，但二者相互影响的机制尚不完全清楚。近年来文献报道，某些青光眼病理改变与高度近视患者的病理改变存在一些相同之处，如筛板变薄、巩膜边缘变薄、视盘旁萎缩、病理性近视视盘旁视网膜脱离、获得性视神经小坑等。研究发现，高度近视患者的眼压高于正视眼。近年来研究者提出了跨筛板压力梯度假说，研究发现高度近视病理改变可导致跨筛板压力梯度增加，并认为跨筛板压力梯度的变化可能为青光眼视神经损害的危险因素之一。关于近视与青光眼基因研究及2种疾病在基因调控中的相互影响结论尚不明确。本文回顾了高度近视眼病理改变与青光眼发病危险因素的相关文献，对高度近视与青光眼发病的关系研究进行综述。

近视;青光眼;危险因素;视盘
ABSTRACT

Myopia is known to be one of risk factors of glaucoma, but the possible interaction mechanism between high myopia and glaucoma is below understood.High myopia is found to have some similar pathological changes to glaucoma, such as peripapillary detachment in pathologic myopia (PDPM), pit-like structure, peripapillary atrophy (PPA), thin lamina cribrosa, etc.In addition, high myopic eyes have higher intraocular pressure.According to trans-laminar pressure gradient hypothesis, high myopic eyes have higher trans-laminar pressure gradients than emmetropic eyes, which may be one of possible interaction mechanisms.In the study on genetics, the relationship between myopia and glaucoma has not been clearly elucidated.Recent researches of possible interaction mechanisms between high myopia and glaucoma were summarized in this paper.

Myopia;Glaucoma;Risk factors;Optic disc
Wang Ningli, Email: mocdef.3ab61.pivilgninw
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引用本文

曹奕雯,杨迪亚,王宁利. 高度近视与青光眼相互影响机制的探讨[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2015,33(3)：275-278.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2015.03.018

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青光眼的病理生理机制、临床表现和治疗方法具有较大的异质性，但其共同点是进行性和特征性的视盘凹陷、萎缩和视野缺损，病变程度与眼压升高的程度有一定的关系。近视被认为是青光眼的危险因素。WHO认为未矫正的近视是造成视力损害的主要原因 [ 1 ]。Marcus等 [ 2 ]对近年来发表的11篇青光眼与近视患病相关性流行病学调查进行Meta分析，结果显示近视患者人群青光眼患病率为正视人群的2倍，低度近视和高度近视可能与青光眼的患病率有关，但2种疾病是否有更深层面的相关目前尚不清楚。因此，探讨二者相互影响的机制具有重要的临床意义。
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