糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病的多种并发症之一，是世界范围内主要的致盲眼病，早期发现和早期干预可以减少致盲性DR的发生。近年来随着高通量组学技术的发展，蛋白组学和代谢组学在DR的早期诊断、发病机制研究以及治疗靶点探索等方面展现出强大的应用价值。传统生物标志物如糖尿病病程和糖化血红蛋白等具有较高的预测DR进展的能力，但临床上仍然缺乏能够体现DR病理机制的独立预测因子。人工智能和机器算法等技术推动了蛋白组学和代谢组学对DR新型生物标志物的探索，使得新型生物标志物更加无创，稳健和敏感。在临床实践中，对预后存在差异的患者进行蛋白质和代谢物的检测，可以帮助临床医生从蛋白组学和代谢组学角度理解患者的异质性，推动了DR精准医疗的开展。本文对蛋白组学和代谢组学在DR的新型生物标志物筛选、发病机制探索和精准医疗等方面采取的技术和策略进行阐述以期进一步推动这个领域的临床应用转化研究。
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the complications of diabetic mellitus and a major cause of blindness worldwide.Early detection and treatment for DR could reduce the risk of blindness.With the development of high-throughput omics, proteomics and metabolomics have shown great advantages in early diagnosis, exploration of pathogenesis, and discovery of new therapeutic targets in DR.Although traditional biomarkers such as duration of diabetes and HbA1c are good predictors for the progression of DR, there is still a lack of independent predictors that can reflect the pathogenesis of DR.Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning have facilitated the exploration of novel biomarkers for DR, making the novel biomarkers more noninvasive, robust and sensitive.In clinical practice, the analysis of proteins and metabolites in patients with varied prognosis may help clinicians understand the heterogeneity of patients to develop precision medicine in DR.This review summarized the progress in the technology and strategy of proteomics and metabolomics in biomarker discovery, pathogenesis, and precision medicine of DR to promote clinical and translational research in this field.
张慧,李筱荣,Zhou Lei. 关注蛋白组学和代谢组学在糖尿病视网膜病变中的临床应用转化研究[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2022,40(09)：791-795.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20220831-00406版权归中华医学会所有。
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李筱荣、Zhou Lei：参与选题、文章智力性内容修改和最终定稿；张慧：参与资料的收集、论文撰写和修改
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