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LncRNA在年龄相关性眼病中的调控作用研究进展
成天禹
管怀进 [综述]
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190125-00035
Research progress on regulation of lncRNA in age-related ophthalmopathy
Cheng Tianyu
Guan Huaijin
Authors Info & Affiliations
Cheng Tianyu
Department of Ophthalmology, Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
Guan Huaijin
Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226100, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190125-00035
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摘要

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类长度大于200个核苷酸并且不具备编码蛋白质功能的转录本。LncRNA在人类各种疾病中发挥的调控作用越来越受到重视，成为新的研究热点。近年来研究发现，与健康个体相比，lncRNA在年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)和年龄相关性白内障(ARC)患者中表达异常。LncRNA ZNF503-AS1、BANCR、MEG3可通过各自的机制影响视网膜色素上皮细胞功能，从而导致AMD的发展；lncRNA MIAT、TUG1、H19可通过竞争性结合微小RNA发挥重要的调控机制，从而影响ARC的发生和发展。本文主要综述AMD和ARC相关lncRNA领域中的研究进展，揭示不同lncRNA在其中发挥的作用机制，为阐明疾病机制提供新的视角，并为其诊疗提供新的生物标志物选择。

长链非编码RNA;年龄相关性黄斑变性;年龄相关性白内障
ABSTRACT

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a class of transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides, which do not have the function of coding proteins.Widely involved in the progress of various human diseases, lncRNA has become a new research hotspot and the regulatory role of it has been paid more and more attention.Studies in recent years found that lncRNA is abnormally expressed in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and age-related cataract (ARC) compared with healthy individuals.LncRNA ZNF503-AS1, BANCR and MEG3 can play important roles in regulating function of retinal pigment epithelial cell, which can lead to the development of AMD.LncRNA MIAT, TUG1 and H19 can have important regulatory effects through competitive binding with microRNAs, thus affecting the occurrence and development of ARC.This article reviewed the research progress of lncRNA in the AMD and ARC related field, revealed the role of different lncRNAs in the diseases, provided a new perspective for elucidating the mechanism of the diseases and found a new biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases.

Long non-coding RNA;Age-related macular degeneration;Age-related cataract
Guan Huaijin, Email: mocdef.3ab61eyejhnaug
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引用本文

成天禹,管怀进. LncRNA在年龄相关性眼病中的调控作用研究进展[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2022,40(10)：992-995.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190125-00035

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在人类基因组中，只有不超过2%的基因序列可编码为蛋白质，剩下的绝大部分为非编码RNA(non-coding RNA，ncRNA) [ 1 ]。近年来，人们发现ncRNA能通过多种机制参与调控真核生物的生长发育，影响DNA复制、转录调控、染色质修饰等。长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA，lncRNA)是一类长度大于200个核苷酸并且无编码蛋白质功能的转录本 [ 2 ]，其广泛存在于哺乳动物中，主要从表观调控、转录调控及转录后调控等方面发挥调控作用。年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration，AMD)和年龄相关性白内障(age-related cataract，ARC)是主要的年龄相关性眼部疾病，其导致的不可逆视力损伤严重影响患者生活质量，因此早期诊断及治疗尤为重要。近年来，研究发现lncRNA在年龄相关性疾病中发挥着重要的生物学作用，如lncRNA BACE1-AS能调节阿尔茨海默病关键酶BACE1的表达水平 [ 3 ]，lncRNA MALAT1能上调帕金森病致病基因α-突触核蛋白水平 [ 4 ]，lncRNA SENCR影响血管平滑肌细胞的迁移和增生，并能调控血管内皮细胞的分化，影响动脉粥样硬化的发展 [ 5 ]。本文主要就lncRNA在AMD和ARC中的研究进展进行综述，为探讨其病因机制及诊疗提供新依据。
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管怀进，Email： mocdef.3ab61eyejhnaug
B
所有作者均声明不存在任何利益冲突
C
国家自然科学基金项目 (81770906)
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