目的探讨还原叶酸载体(RFC1)在结直肠癌(CRC)中的表达、相关信号通路及其与患者预后关系。
方法在癌症基因组图集(TCGA)数据库中分析RFC1基因在多种实体肿瘤及CRC中的表达情况。采用检索相互作用基因的搜索工具(STRING)建立RFC1蛋白相互作用网络。通过使用基因表达谱交互分析(GEPIA)数据库比较RFC1高、低表达组患者的生存期差异。使用注释、可视化和集成发现(DAVID)数据库对差异表达基因进行基因肿瘤学(GO)和京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析。分析CRC组织和癌旁正常组织中RFC1的免疫组化表达水平及其表达部位。
结果RFC1 mRNA在各种人类实体肿瘤中的表达差异并不明显。在CRC组织中,RFC1表达水平高于癌旁正常组织,但RFC1表达水平与患者的肿瘤分期无关。RFC1蛋白间的相互联系指数为119,平均蛋白间区域聚类系数为0.836,RFC1及其相互作用基因间存在明显的蛋白网络富集( P<0.05)。RFC1生物学过程主要富集于DNA复制、半保守复制维持端粒活性、DNA代谢过程、无差错翻译合成、参与DNA修复的DNA合成等;细胞成分主要富集于复制叉、染色体、核质、DNA复制因子C复合物、Ctf18类RFC复合物等;分子功能主要富集于DNA结合核酸结合、DNA结合受损、DNA活性、催化活性等。对于KEGG信号通路,RFC1主要富集于DNA复制、核苷酸切除修复、错配修复和恶性肿瘤发生等。RFC1高表达者的无病生存率和总生存率低于低表达组,其中两者在总生存率上的差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。RFC1蛋白主要表达于细胞质,阳性表达呈现黄褐色颗粒状,均匀分布于细胞内,且在结直肠癌组织中RFC1大多为高或中表达,而在正常肠上皮中低表达。
结论RFC1在CRC组织中表达升高,其高表达与CRC患者的总生存率降低有关。RFC1可作为CRC预后不良的分子标志物,并可能成为CRC治疗的潜在靶点。
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and related signaling pathways of reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC1) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its relationship with the prognosis of patients.
MethodsThe expression of RFC1 gene in various solid tumors and CRC was analyzed in the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA) database. The RFC1 protein-protein interaction network was established using the search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes (STRING). The differences in survival rate between patients with high and low expression of RFC1 were compared using the Gene Expression Profile Interaction Analysis (GEPIA) database. Differentially expressed genes were subjected to Gene Oncology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis using the Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database. The immunohistochemical expression level and location of RFC1 in CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were analyzed.
ResultsThe expression difference of RFC1 mRNA in various human solid tumors was not obvious. In CRC tissues, the expression level of RFC1 was higher than that in adjacent normal tissues, but the expression level of RFC1 was not related to the tumor stage of the CRC patients. The correlation index between RFC1 proteins was 119, and the average inter-protein region clustering coefficient was 0.836. There was significant protein network enrichment between RFC1 and its interacting genes ( P<0.05). The biological processes of RFC1 are mainly enriched in DNA replication, semi-conservative replication to maintain telomere activity, DNA metabolism, error-free translation synthesis, DNA synthesis involved in DNA repair, etc. The cellular components are mainly enriched in replication forks, chromosomes, nucleoplasm, DNA replication factor C complex, Ctf18 RFC complex, etc. The molecular functions are mainly enriched in DNA binding nucleic acid binding, impaired DNA binding, DNA activity, catalytic activity, etc. For the KEGG signaling pathway, RFC1 is mainly enriched in DNA replication, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, and malignant tumorigenesis. The disease-free survival rate and overall survival rate of CRC patients with high expression of RFC1 were lower than those of low expression group, and the difference in overall survival rate between the two was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The RFC1 protein was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm, and the positive expression was yellow-brown granular and evenly distributed in the cells. Most of the RFC1 proteins were highly or moderately expressed in colorectal cancer tissues, but low in normal intestinal epithelium.
ConclusionsThe expression of RFC1 is increased in CRC tissues, and its high expression is related to the decreased overall survival rate of CRC patients. RFC1 can be used as a molecular marker of poor prognosis in CRC and may become a potential target for CRC therapy.
张静会,闫瑞振,魏志斌,等. 还原叶酸载体(RFC1)在结直肠中的表达、相关信号通路及其与患者预后关系的生物信息学分析[J]. 国际生物医学工程杂志,2022,45(02):112-117.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn121382-20210922-00204版权归中华医学会所有。
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1—胶质瘤;2—甲状腺癌;3—肺癌;4—结直肠癌;5—头颈癌;6—胃癌;7—肝癌;8—胰腺癌;9—肾癌;10—尿路上皮癌;11—前列腺癌;12—睾丸癌;13—乳腺癌;14—宫颈癌;15—子宫内膜癌;16—卵巢癌;17—黑色素瘤;FPKM—每千个碱基的转录每百万映射读取的片段数
与癌旁正常组织比较, a P<0.05
类别 | 功能 | 基因数 | 背景基因数 | 强度 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
生物学过程 | DNA复制 | 17 | 205 | 1.89 | 1.11×10 -26 |
通过半保守复制维持端粒 | 12 | 25 | 2.65 | 2.61×10 -25 | |
DNA代谢过程 | 20 | 750 | 1.40 | 3.18×10 -24 | |
端粒维持 | 13 | 112 | 2.03 | 5.49×10 -21 | |
无差错翻译合成 | 10 | 22 | 2.63 | 1.58×10 -20 | |
DNA修复 | 17 | 522 | 1.48 | 1.64×10 -20 | |
参与DNA修复的DNA合成 | 11 | 54 | 2.28 | 8.84×10 -20 | |
细胞对DNA损伤刺激的反应 | 18 | 793 | 1.33 | 1.35×10 -19 | |
易出错的易位合成 | 9 | 21 | 2.60 | 3.27×10 -18 | |
细胞成分 | 复制叉 | 12 | 64 | 2.24 | 2.27×10 -21 |
染色体 | 21 | 1 712 | 1.06 | 5.81×10 -20 | |
核质 | 20 | 3 973 | 0.67 | 1.21×10 -10 | |
DNA复制因子C复合物 | 5 | 5 | 2.97 | 1.21×10 -10 | |
Ctf18类RFC复合物 | 5 | 7 | 2.82 | 1.62×10 -10 | |
核复制叉 | 6 | 34 | 2.22 | 5.52×10 -10 | |
答复 | 5 | 18 | 2.41 | 4.79×10 -9 | |
蛋白质DNA复合物 | 7 | 195 | 1.52 | 1.40×10 -7 | |
核 | 21 | 7 390 | 0.42 | 1.52×10 -7 | |
核可复性 | 4 | 16 | 2.37 | 4.97×10 -7 | |
分子功能 | DNA结合 | 19 | 2 470 | 0.86 | 4.70×10 -12 |
核酸结合 | 20 | 3 947 | 0.67 | 3.56×10 -10 | |
DNA结合受损 | 6 | 64 | 1.94 | 9.39×10 -8 | |
DNA活性 | 3 | 3 | 2.97 | 1.14×10 -5 | |
催化活性,作用于DNA | 5 | 184 | 1.40 | 5.8×10 -4 | |
DNA依赖性ATP酶活性 | 4 | 93 | 1.60 | 1.1×10 -3 | |
单链DNA结合 | 4 | 113 | 1.52 | 2.1×10 -3 | |
ATP结合 | 9 | 1 464 | 0.76 | 2.6×10 -3 | |
核苷酸结合 | 10 | 2 119 | 0.64 | 5.5×10 -3 |
KEGG通路 | 基因数 | 背景基因数 | 强度 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
DNA复制 | 12 | 36 | 2.49 | 1.02×10 -24 |
核苷酸切除修复 | 9 | 46 | 2.26 | 2.62×10 -16 |
错配修复 | 8 | 23 | 2.51 | 3.31×10 -16 |
恶性肿瘤发生途径 | 3 | 33 | 1.93 | 6.20×10 -4 |
贫血途径 | 3 | 51 | 1.74 | 1.70×10 -3 |
非同源末端连接 | 2 | 12 | 2.19 | 5.50×10 -3 |
同源重组 | 2 | 39 | 1.68 | 4.20×10 -2 |
张静会:实施研究、采集数据、文章撰写、统计分析;闫瑞振:实施研究、采集数据;魏志斌:数据整理、数据分析;王宝占:研究指导、文章修改、经费支持

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