指南与共识
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
原发性肝癌诊疗指南之肝内胆管癌诊疗中国专家共识(2022版)
中国抗癌协会肝癌专业委员会胆管癌协作组
作者及单位信息
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DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20220829-00476
Chinese expert consensus on management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (2022 edition)
Chinese Society of Liver Cancer Cholangiocarcinoma Cooperative Group
Fan Jia
Authors Info & Affiliations
Chinese Society of Liver Cancer Cholangiocarcinoma Cooperative Group
Fan Jia
Department of Hepatic Oncology Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20220829-00476
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摘要

肝内胆管癌(ICC)近年来发病率呈明显上升趋势,亚洲人群发病率明显高于欧美人群,因此,临床上越来越受到重视。复杂的疾病特征和预后是ICC治疗的极大挑战。为更好地指导ICC诊断与治疗和改善患者生存,中国抗癌协会肝癌专业委员会胆管癌协作组梳理ICC诊断与治疗相关证据,结合临床实践,撰写《原发性肝癌诊疗指南之肝内胆管癌诊疗中国专家共识(2022版)》。本共识内容聚焦于ICC的筛查与诊断、病理学诊断及分子分型、多学科综合诊疗、外科治疗、局部治疗、系统治疗,旨在提高临床医师对ICC的诊断与治疗能力,使患者最大获益。

肝内胆管癌;筛查与诊断;病理学与分子分型;外科治疗;系统治疗;局部治疗;专家共识
ABSTRACT

In recent years, the incidence rate of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has shown an obvious upward trend and the incidence rate of Asian population is higher than that of European and American population, therefore it has drawn more attention in clinical practice. The complexity of characteristics and prognosis of ICC form a great challenge to the treatment of ICC. In order to better guide the diagnosis and treatment of ICC and improve the survival rate of the disease, experts of the Chinese Society of Liver Cancer Cholangiocarcinoma Cooperative Group review the relevant evidence in combination with the actual clinical situation and propose the Chinese expert consensus on management of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (2022 edition). The consensus has focused on the screening and diagnosis, pathological and molecular typing, multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment surgical therapy, local and systemic therapy of ICC, aiming to improve the ability of clinicians to diagnose and treat ICC, so that patients can obtain the maximum clinical benefit from the treatment.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma;Screening and diagnosis;Pathological and molecular typing;Surgical therapy;Systemic therapy;Local therapy;Expert consensus
Fan Jia,Department of Hepatic Oncology Surgery & Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China, Email: nc.defhsab.latipsoh‒szaij.naf
引用本文

中国抗癌协会肝癌专业委员会胆管癌协作组. 原发性肝癌诊疗指南之肝内胆管癌诊疗中国专家共识(2022版)[J]. 中华消化外科杂志,2022,21(10):1269-1301.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-20220829-00476

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肝内胆管癌(intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma,ICC)是原发性肝癌的一种类型,其发病隐匿,进展快。ICC发病机制、生物学行为、治疗方法以及预后等与肝细胞癌差异较大。2010年,美国癌症联合委员会(AJCC)发布的第7版TNM分期系统正式将ICC从肝细胞癌中单列出来。为更好地指导ICC诊断与治疗,改善患者生存,中国抗癌协会肝癌专业委员会胆管癌协作组梳理ICC治疗相关证据,结合临床实践,制订《原发性肝癌诊疗指南之肝内胆管癌诊疗中国专家共识(2022版)》(以下简称共识)。本共识的循证医学证据等级参照《牛津循证医学中心2011版》进行分级。见 附录1
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附录
附录1:《牛津循证医学中心2011版》循证医学证据等级
(临床)问题 步骤1 步骤2 步骤3 步骤4 步骤5
等级l a 等级2 a 等级3 a 等级4 a 等级5 a
这个疾病有多普遍? (患病率) 当地的、当前的随机样本调查(或普查) 与当地情况相匹配调查的系统综述 b 当地的非随机样本调查 b 病例系列 b N/A
诊断或监测试验是否准确 (诊断) 一致地应用了参考标准和盲法的横断面研究的系统综述 一致地应用了参考标准和盲法的横断面研究 非连续病例研究,或研究未能一致应用参考标准 b 病例对照研究,或应用了差的或独立的参考标准 b 基于机制 的推理
若不给予这个治疗会发生什么? (预后) 起始队列研究的系统综述 起始队列研究 队列研究或随机研究的对照组 a 病例系列或病例对照研究,或低质量预后队列研究 b N/A
这个治疗有用吗? (治疗效益) 随机试验或单病例随机对照试验的系统综述 随机试验或具有巨大效果的观察性研究 非随机对照队列或随访研究 b 病例系列、病例对照研究或历史对照研究 b 基于机制 的推理
这个治疗常见的伤害是什么? (治疗伤害) 随机试验的系统综述,巢式病例对照研究的系统综述,针对所提临床问题患者的n-of-1试验,具有巨大效果的观察性研究 单个随机试验或(特殊地)具有巨大效果的观察性研究 非随机对照队列或随访研究(上市后监测)提供,足够数量来排除常见的伤害(对长期伤害需要足够长的随访时间) b 病例系列、病例对照研究或历史对照研究 b 基于机制 的推理
这个治疗少见的伤害是什么? (治疗伤害) 随机试验或n-of-l试验的系统综述

随机试验或(特殊地)具有巨大效果的观察性研究
这个试验(早期发现)值得吗? (筛査) 随机研究的系统综述

随机试验

非随机对照队列或随访研究 b 病例系列、病例对照研究或历史对照研究 b 基于机制 的推理
展开表格
附录2:第7版与第8版美国癌症联合委员会(AJCC)TNM分期系统肝内胆管癌临床分期比较

第7版AJCC TNM分期系统的T分期主要基于肿瘤数目、血管侵犯、肝内转移和邻近器官侵犯,没有纳入肿瘤长径作为分期因素。第8版AJCC TNM分期系统肝内胆管癌分期进一步侧重客观指标应用,更能体现其对预后判断的价值。第8版AJCC TNM分期系统的T分期中TX、T0和Tis没有变化;T1a为单发肿瘤长径≤5 cm且无血管侵犯;T1b为单发肿瘤长径>5 cm且无血管侵犯;T2为单发肿瘤伴血管侵犯或多发肿瘤伴或不伴血管侵犯;T3为肿瘤穿透腹膜,但未侵及局部肝外结构;T4肿瘤直接侵犯肝外组织。

第7版 第8版
TNM分期 临床分期 TNM分期 临床分期

原发肿瘤T分期

Tis:原位癌

T1:单个病灶无血管侵犯

T2a:单个病灶伴血管侵犯

T2b:多发病灶,伴或不伴血管侵犯

T3:穿透腹膜,或直接侵及局部肝外结构

T4:胆管周围浸润

0期:Tis、N0、M0

Ⅰ期:T1、N0、M0

Ⅱ期:T2、N0、M0

Ⅲ期:T3、N0、M0

ⅣA期:T4、N0、M0/任何T、N1、M0

ⅣB期:任何T、任何N、M1

原发肿瘤T分期

Tis:原位癌

T1a:单个病灶无血管侵犯,≤5 cm

T1b:单个病灶无血管侵犯,>5 cm

T2:病灶浸润血管;或多发病灶,伴或不伴血管侵犯

T3:穿透腹膜,未侵及局部肝外结构

T4:直接侵及局部肝外组织

0期:Tis、N0、M0

IA期:T1a、N0、M0

IB期:T1b、N0、M0

Ⅱ期:T2、N0、M0

IIIA期:T3、N0、M0

IIIB期:T4、N0、M0/任何T、N1、M0

Ⅳ期:任何T、任何N、M1

局部淋巴结侵犯N分期

N0:无区域淋巴结转移

N1:有区域淋巴结转移

局部淋巴结侵犯N分期

N0:无区域淋巴结转移

N1:有区域淋巴结转移

远处转移M分期

M0:无远处转移

M1:有远处转移

远处转移M分期

M0:无远处转移

M1:有远处转移

展开表格
附录3:肝内胆管癌(ICC)病理诊断报告格式推荐(表单式)

一、大体检查

1.送检标本

○肝切除标本,手术方式与部位:

○肝穿刺组织,组织条数:

○其他:

2.送检肿瘤

○单发肿瘤(长×宽×高):_____________cm

○多发肿瘤/卫星灶数目:______个

□肿瘤1(长×宽×高):____________cm;部位:__________

□肿瘤2(长×宽×高):____________cm;部位:__________

□肿瘤3(长×宽×高):____________cm;部位:__________

□>3个,最大径_________ cm至_________ cm

○出血坏死:□轻(10%~50%);□中(50~90%);重□(>90%);□不明显(<10%)

○大血管和(或)大胆管癌栓形成:□有;□无

3.肉眼类型

○肿块型

○管周浸润型

○混合型

○胆管切端受侵:□有;□无

○最近手术切缘距肿瘤___________cm

色泽:________;质地:_________;边界:__________

4.周围肝组织病变

○肝硬化:□大结节性;□小结节性;□混合结节性;□无

○其他:

5.取材方法

○满足“7点”基线取材

○其他:(块)

二、镜下检查

1.组织学类型

○腺癌 □大胆管型;□小胆管型;□细胆管癌;□DPM样;□其他:

○特殊组织学类型:

2.肿瘤组织学分级

○高分化(>95%的肿瘤由腺体组成)

○中分化(50%~95%的肿瘤由腺体组成)

○低分化(≤49%的肿瘤由腺体组成)

3.肿瘤生长情况

○包膜:□有;□无

○微血管侵犯(MVI):□M0;□M1;□M2;

○淋巴管侵犯:□有□不确定

○神经侵犯:□有□无

○淋巴结:阳性数/送检数:;部位:;□无

○癌旁汇管区侵犯:□有;□无

○其他:

4.伴随病变

○胆道上皮内瘤变(BilIN):□低级别BilIN;□高级别BilIN;□无

○胆管内管状乳头状肿瘤(IPNB):□低级别IPNB;□高级别IPNB;□无

○肝内胆管结石:□有;□无

○肝片吸虫或华支睾吸虫感染:□有;□无

○胆管错构瘤或胆管腺瘤:□有:数量:个;直径 mm;□无

○HBV或HCV性肝炎:□有;□无

○伴EBV感染:□有;□无

○脂肪性肝炎:□有;□无

○慢性肝炎评分(G0-4;S0-4):G:/4;S:/4

○其他:

5.新辅助治疗后肿瘤组织学反应评估

○Ⅰ级(完全病理学缓解,CPR):肿瘤组织彻底坏死,“7点”基线取材条件下未见存活癌细胞

○Ⅱ级(显著病理学缓解,MPR):肿瘤组织大部分坏死,残留癌细胞数量<10%

○Ⅲ级(部分病理学缓解,PPR):肿瘤组织坏死程度介于10%~90%之间

○Ⅳ级(无明显病理学缓解,NPR):肿瘤组织无明显消退,坏死癌细胞数量<10%

○无术前治疗

6.美国癌症联合委员会第8版ICC病理学分期:T( )、N( )、M( )

三、病理诊断辅助检查指标

1.免疫组织化学染色

□常用项目:CRP( ),CD56( ),CK7( ),CK19( ),MUC1( ),MUC5AC( ),MUC6( ),N-cadherin( ),S100P( )

□选择项目:,EpCAM( ),TFF1( ),PD-1/PD-L1( )

2.黏液染色(酌情选择):Alcian-blue(),PAS()

3.基因检测(酌情选择):IDH1/2,FGFR2,KRAS

四、病理学诊断举例:(肝左叶)1.肝内胆管癌,最大径5.3 cm,小胆管型,中分化,MVI=M0;2.合并大胆管型胆管癌,约占肿瘤组织的20%,中-低分化MVI=M1;3.送检淋巴结未见转移(0/3);4.HBV感染相关慢性肝炎,G2S3;5.pT2N0Mx。

附录4:胆道恶性肿瘤辅助治疗循证医学证据
研究名称/发表期刊 人群组成 干预措施 结 果

BILCAP Ⅲ期

Lancet Oncol,2019,20(5):663-673

肝内胆管癌(ICC)18.8%;

肝外胆管癌(ECC)63.5%;

胆囊癌(GBC)17.7%

卡培他滨对比观察

中位总生存时间(mOS):51.1个月[95%可信区间( CI)为34.6~59.1]比36.4个月(95% CI为29.7~44.5);风险比( HR)=0.81,95% CI为0.63~1.04, P=0.097

中位无复发生存时间(mRFS):24.4个月(95% CI为18.6~35.9)比17.5个月(95% CI为12.0~23.8); HR=0.75,95% CI为0.58~0.98; P=0.033(24个月内)

PRODIGE Ⅲ期

J Clin Oncol,2019,37(8):658-667

ICC 44.3%;

ECC 36.1%;

GBC 17.2%

吉西他滨联合奥沙利铂对比观察

mRFS:30.4个月比18.5个月; HR=0.88,95% CI为0.62~1.25, P=0.48

mOS:75.8个月比50.8个月; HR=1.08,95% CI为0.70~1.66, P=0.74

JCOG1202 Ⅲ期

J Clin Oncol,2022,40(4_suppl):382-382

BTC 替吉奥化疗对比观察

3年总生存率:71.1%比61.6%

3年无复发生存率:62.4%比50.9%

针对胆道恶性肿瘤(BTC)的Meta分析

J Clin Oncol,2012,30(16):1934-1940

BTC 化疗对比放疗或者放化疗

与单纯手术比较,术后辅助治疗均未显著延长总生存时间(优势比=0.74, P=0.06)

淋巴结阳性(优势比=0.49, P=0.004)和R 1切除患者(优势比=0.36, P=0.002)可从辅助治疗中显著获益

针对BTC的回顾性分析

Cancer,2018,124(1):74-83

ICC和GBC

辅助治疗

ICC患者中不能手术、单纯接受手术、手术+辅助治疗的mOS分别为12.7、16.2、22.6个月( P<0.001)
展开表格
附录5:晚期肝内胆管癌系统治疗循证医学证据
方案 研究/文献 研究阶段 人群组成 干预措施 结果
化疗

BT22研究

Br J Cancer,2010,103(4):469-474

Ⅱ期随机对照研究(RCT) 肝内胆管癌(ICC)33.7%;肝外胆管癌(ECC)22.9%;胆囊癌(GBC)38.6%;壶腹部周围癌(AVC)5% 吉西他滨联合顺铂(GemCis)对比吉西他滨 中位总生存时间(mOS):11.2个月比7.7个月;中位无复发生存时间(mRFS):5.8个月比3.7个月;客观缓解率(ORR):19.5%比11.9%; P均<0.05

国际多中心研究

JAMA Oncol,2018,4(12):1707-1712

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC 82%

ECC 18%

白蛋白结合型紫杉醇(Nab-paclitaxel)联合吉西他滨 mPFS:7.7个月[95%可信区间( CI)为5.4~13.1;mOS:12.4个月(95% CI为9.2~15.9);中位疾病进展时间(mTTP):7.7个月(95% CI为6.1~13.1);ORR、疾病控制率(DCR)分别为30%、66%

多中心研究

JAMA Oncol,2019,5(6):824-830

Ⅱ期单臂研究 ICC 63.0% Nab-paclitaxel+吉西他滨+顺铂

ORR为45.0%;mPFS:11.8个月(95% CI为6.0~15.6);mOS:19.2个月(95%

CI为13.2~未达到)

多中心研究

Cancer Res Treat,2018,50(4):1324-1330

Ⅱ期单臂研究 ICC 41.0% 奥沙利铂+伊立替康+替吉奥

ORR为50%;mPFS:6.8个月(95% CI

为4.8~8.8);mOS:12.5个月(95% CI为7.0~18.0)

ABC-02研究

N Engl J Med,2010,362(14):1273-1281

Ⅲ期RCT 局部晚期或复发转移性胆道恶性肿瘤(GBC 36.3%,胆管癌58.8%,AVC 5%) GemCis对比吉西他滨

ORR:26.1%比15.5%

mOS:11.7个月比8.1个月, P<0.001

mPFS:8个月比5个月, P<0.001

DCR:81.4%比71.8%, P=0.049

FUGA-BT研究

Ann Oncol,2019,30:1950-1958

Ⅲ期RCT

GBC 38.7%

ICC 26.6%

ECC 30.5%

AVC 4%

其他1%

GemCis对比吉西他滨联合替吉奥

mOS:13.4个月比15.1个月,风险比( HR)=0.945,90% CI为0.78~1.15, P=0.046

mPFS:5.8个月比6.8个月, HR=0.86,95% CI为0.70~1.07

ORR:32.4%比29.8%

KHBO1401研究

Ann Oncol,2018,29(suppl_8):viii205-viii270

Ⅲ期RCT 晚期胆道恶性肿瘤 吉西他滨+顺铂+替吉奥对比GemCis

mOS:13.5个月比12.6个月, HR=0.79,95% CI为0.60~1.04, P=0.046

1年总生存率:59.4%比53.7%

mPFS:7.4个月比5.5个月, HR=0.75,95% CI为0.58~0.97, P=0.0015

ORR:41.5%比15.0%, P<0.001;DCR:79.8%比62.0%, P<0.007

韩国多中心研究

Ann Oncol,2019,30(5):788-795

Ⅲ期RCT

胆管癌72.5%

GBC 27.5%

卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂(XELOX)对比吉西他滨联合奥沙利铂(GEMOX方案)

ORR:15.7%比24.6%, P=0.171

mPFS:5.8个月(95% CI为4.2~8.0)比5.3个月(95% CI为4.1~6.8)

mOS:10.6个月(95% CI为7.3~15.5)比10.4个月(95% CI为8.0~12.6), P=0.131

ABC-02和BT22研究汇总分析

Ann Oncol,2015,26(9):1910-1916

回顾性研究

GBC39.1%

胆管癌56.4%

AVC 4.5%

GemCis对比吉西他滨

治疗前中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比较低与CisGem组患者的长期生存相关( P=0.008)

美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)体能状态评分为0~1分的受试者获益更大

免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)联合化疗

TOPAZ-1研究

Ann Oncol,2019,30(Suppl 5):v319

Ⅲ期RCT

ICC 55.7%

ECC 19.4%

GBC 24.9%

度伐利尤单克隆抗体联合GemCis对比安慰剂联合GemCis

mOS:12.8个月比11.5个月( HR=0.80,95% CI为0.66~0.97, P=0.021)

mPFS:7.2个月比5.7个月( HR=0.75,95% CI为0.63~0.89, P=0.001)

ORR分别为26.7%和18.7%

日本多中心研究(JapicCTI-153098)

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol,2019,4(8):611-621

Ⅰ期非随机分组队列研究

ICC 45%

ECC 20%

其他36.7%

纳武利尤单克隆抗体联合GemCis对比纳武利尤单克隆抗体单药治疗

联合组:ORR为36.7%;mPFS为4.2个月(90% CI为2.8~5.6);mOS为15.4个月(90% CI为11.8~不可评估)

单药组:ORR为3%;mPFS为1.4个月(90% CI为1.4~1.4);mOS为5.2个月(90% CI为4.5~8.7)

中国单中心研究(NCT033 11789)

J Immunother Cancer,2020,8(1):e000367

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC 34%

ECC 47%

GBC 19%

纳武利尤单克隆抗体联合GemCis(针对GemCis耐药和GemCis初始治疗患者)

总体ORR:55.6%;GemCis耐药患者ORR:33.3%;GemCis初始治疗患者ORR:61.9%

总体mPFS:6.1个月(95% CI为3.4~8.2);总体mOS:8.5个月(95% CI为5.0~12.5)

BilT-01研究/ASCO 2020 4582

J Clin Oncol,2020,38(15_suppl):4582

Ⅱ期 RCT

ICC 66.2%

ECC 14.1%

GBC 19.7%

纳武利尤单克隆抗体联合GemCis对比纳武利尤单克隆抗体联合伊匹木单克隆抗体

mPFS:7.4个月(95% CI为4.1~9.3)比4.1个月(95% CI为2.4~4.7)

mOS:10.6个月(95% CI为6.8~不可评估)对比8.3个月(95% CI为5.9~16.9)

中国单中心研究(NCT034 86678)

J Immunother Cancer,2020,8(2):e001240

Ⅱ期单臂研究 晚期BTC 卡瑞利珠单克隆抗体联合GEMOX

总体ORR:54.0%;PD-L1肿瘤细胞阳性比例(TPS)≥1%患者ORR:80%;PD-L1 TPS≤1%患者ORR:53.8%

总体mPFS:5.4个月;总体mOS:11.2个月

韩国单中心研究(NCT030 46862)

J Clin Oncol,2020,38(15_suppl):4520

Ⅱ期非随机队列研究

ICC 52.9%

ECC 11.6%

GBC 24.0%

AVC 11.6%

抗程序性死亡[蛋白]配体-1(PD-L1)+抗细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(CTLA-4)+GemCis;

抗PD-L1联合GemCis;

30例抗PD-L1+抗CTLA-4+GemCis患者ORR为50%,mPFS为13.0个月(95% CI为10.1~15.9),mOS为15.0个月(95% CI为10.7~19.3);

45例抗PD-L1+GemCis患者ORR为73.4%,mPFS为11.0个月(95% CI为7.0~15.0),mOS为18.1个月(95% CI

为11.3~24.9);

46例抗PD-L1+抗CTLA-4+GemCis患者ORR为73.3%,mPFS为11.9个月(95% CI为10.1~13.7),mOS为20.7个月(95% CI为13.8~27.6)

TCOG T1219研究/ESMO 2021 49P

Ann Oncol,2021,32(suppl_5):S376-S381

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC 60.4%

ECC 25%

GBC 10.4%

AVC 4.2%

纳武利尤单克隆抗体+吉西他滨联合替吉奥

ORR:43.8%

mPFS:9.1个月(95% CI为7.4~未达到)

mOS:未达到(95% CI为7.4~未达到)

JS001-ZS-BC001研究

J Clin Oncol,2022,40(16_suppl):4081

Ⅱ期单臂研究 晚期BTC 特瑞普利单克隆抗体+吉西他滨+替吉奥

ORR:30.6%(95% CI为17.2%~44.0%)

DCR:87.8%(95% CI为78.2%~97.3%)

mPFS为7.0个月,mOS为15.0个月

ICIs+靶向+化疗

中国单中心研究(NCT039 51597)

J Clin Oncol,2021,39(15_suppl):4094

Ⅱ期单臂研究 ICC GEMOX方案+特瑞普利单克隆抗体+仑伐替尼

ORR:80.0%(95% CI为61.4%~92.3%)

DCR:93.3%(95% CI为77.9%~99.2%)

mPFS为10.0个月,中位缓解持续时间为9.8个月,12个月总生存率为73.3%(95% CI为57.5%~89.2%)

展开表格
附录6:晚期肝内胆管癌二线治疗循证医学证据
靶点 突变比例 药物 研究/文献 研究阶段 人群组成 干预措施 结果
化疗药物

单中心回顾性队列研究

Autops Case Rep,2019,9(2):e2019087

回顾性研究

肝内胆管癌(ICC)75%;

肝外胆管癌(ECC)17%;

胆囊癌(GBC)8%

氟尿嘧啶联合伊立替康(FOLFIRI方案)

中位无复发生存时间(mRFS):1.7个月[95%可信区间( CI)为0.66~2.67];

中位总生存时间(mOS):

5个月(95% CI为2.77~7.20);

临床获益率(CBR):17%

化疗药物

单中心随机对照研究(RCT)

Br J Cancer,2018,119(3):291-295

Ⅱ期RCT

ICC 68.3%

ECC 11.7%

GBC 20%

伊立替康联合卡培他滨(XELIRI方案)对比卡培他滨单药

mOS:10.1个月(95% CI为7.4~12.8)比7.3个月(95% CI为6.1~8.5), P=0.107;

9个月总生存率:60.9%比32.0%, P=0.045;

mPFS:3.7个月(95% CI为0.3~7.1)比2.4个月(95% CI为2.0~2.8), P=0.036;

客观缓解率(ORR):13.3%比6.7%, P=0.389;疾病控制率(DCR):63.3%比50.0%, P=0.297

化疗药物 NIFTY研究/J Clin Oncol,2021,39(15_suppl):4006 Ⅱb期RCT

ICC 42.5%

ECC 27.0%

GBC 30.5%

脂质体伊立替康(Nal-IRI)联合5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)和亚叶酸对比5-FU和亚叶酸

mPFS:7.1个月(95% CI为3.6~8.8)比1.4个月(95% CI为1.2~1.5),风险比( HR)=0.56, P=0.001 9[独立评审];

mPFS:3.9个月(95% CI为2.7~5.2)比1.6个月(95% CI为1.3~2.2), HR=0.48, P<0.000 1[研究者评审];

mOS:8.6个月(95% CI为5.4~10.5)比5.5个月(95% CI为4.7~7.2), HR=0.68,

P=0.0349;

ORR:14.8%比5.8%, P=0.0684[独立评审];19.3%比2.3%, P=0.0002[研究者评审]

化疗药物 ABC-06研究/Lancet Oncol,2021,22(5):690-701 Ⅲ期RCT

ICC 44.4%

ECC 27.8%

GBC 21.0%

壶腹部周围癌(AVC)7%

积极控制症状对比积极控制症状联合亚叶酸+氟尿嘧啶+奥沙利铂(FOLFOX方案)

全人群mOS:6.2个月(95% CI为5.4~7.6)比5.3个月(95% CI为4.1~5.8), HR=0.69,95% CI为0.50~0.97, P=0.031;

ICC人群mOS:5.7个月(95% CI为4.1~7.4)比5.2 个月(95% CI为3.7~5.8), HR=0.64,95% CI为0.38~1.06;

积极控制症状联合FOLFOX方案ICC人群mRFS为3.3个月(95% CI为2.5~5.2),3个月疾病无进展生存率为64.7%,6个月疾病无进展生存率为29.4%,12个月疾病无进展生存率为11.8%

NTRK ICC<1% 恩曲替尼

ALKA-372-001,STARTRK-1,STARTRK-2汇总分析

Lancet Oncol,2020,21(2):271-282

Ⅰ~Ⅱ期单臂研究 NTRK融合阳性晚期或转移性实体瘤患者 恩曲替尼

中位随访时间12.9个月时,ORR=57%(95% CI为43.2%~70.8%);

中位缓解持续时间为10个月,mRFS为11.2个月(95% CI为8.0~14.9),mOS为21.0个月(95% CI为14.9~不可评估)

拉罗替尼

多中心研究

N Engl J Med,2018,378(8):731-739

Ⅰ~Ⅱ期单臂研究 TRK融合阳性晚期实体瘤患者 拉罗替尼 ORR=75%,mPFS和mOS未达到
VEGFRi ICC 53.8% 贝伐珠单克隆抗体

多中心研究

Am J Clin Oncol,2018,41(7):649-655

Ⅱ期单臂研究

GBC 22%

ICC 58%

ECC 20%

贝伐珠单克隆抗体+吉西他滨联合奥沙利铂(GEMOX方案)

总人群ORR为24%,CBR为72%,mPFS为8.1个月(95% CI为5.3~9.9),mOS为10.2个月(95% CI为7.5~13.7);

ICC人群ORR为21%,CBR为73%,mPFS为9.2个月,mOS为11.3个月

贝伐珠单克隆抗体

单中心研究

Oncology,2018,94(1):19-24

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC 60.4%

ECC 22.9%

GBC 16.7%

卡培他滨+伊立替康+吉西他滨+贝伐珠单克隆抗体 ORR为6%,mPFS为3.6个月,mOS为6.4个月
凡德他尼

VanGogh研究

Ann Oncol,2015,26(3):542-547

Ⅱ期RCT

ICC 50.6%

ECC 22.7%

GBC 18.0%

AVC 8.7%

凡德他尼(单药组);

凡德他尼+吉西他滨(双药组);

吉西他滨+安慰剂(安慰剂组);

ORR:单药组3.6%,双药组19.3%,安慰剂组13.9%, P=0.03;

mPFS:单药组3.5个月,双药组3.8个月,安慰剂组4.9个月, P=0.18;

mOS:单药组7.6个月,双药组9.5个月,安慰剂组10.2个月, P=0.07

瑞戈非尼

REACHIN研究

Ann Oncol,2020,31(9):1169-1177

Ⅱ期RCT

ICC 63.6%

ECC 13.6%

GBC 13.6%

AVC 9.1%

瑞戈非尼对比安慰剂

mPFS:3.0个月比1.5个月, HR=0.49,95% CI为0.29~0.81, P=0.004;

mOS:5.3个月比5.1个月, P=0.28;

DCR:70%(95% CI为54%~85%)比33%(95% CI为17%~49%), P=0.002

瑞戈非尼

单中心研究

Cancer,2019,125(6):902-909

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC 62%

ECC 26%

GBC 12%

瑞戈非尼单药 ORR:11%,DCR:56%,mPFS:15.6周(90% CI为12.9~24.7),mOS:31.8周(90% CI为13.3~74.3)
瑞戈非尼

BREGO研究/ESMO 2021 e-Poster 48P

Ann Oncol,2021,32(suppl_5):S376-S381

Ⅱ期RCT

ICC 62.1%

ECC 22.7%

GBC 15.2%

瑞戈非尼联合改良

GEMOX方案对比改良GEMOX方案

mGEMOX对比mGEMOX+Reg:

ORR:21.7%对比33.3%, P=0.241

DCR:82.6%对比78.6%, P=0.613

mPFS:7.23个月(95% CI为7.58~11.2)对比7.82个月(95% CI为5.78~8.15), P=0.825

mOS:15.08个月(95% CI为8.8~不适用)对比13.5个月(95% CI为9.69~16.76), P=0.356

索拉非尼

单中心研究

Br J Cancer,2013,109(4):915-919

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC 59%

ECC 5%

GBC 36%

索拉非尼+吉西他滨联合顺铂(GemCis)

mPFS:6.5个月(95% CI为3.5~8.3);

mOS:14.4个月(95% CI为11.6~19.2);

ORR:12%,转化1例

舒尼替尼

国际多中心研究

Eur J Cancer,2012,48(2):196-201

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC62.5%

ECC10.7%

GBC26.8%

舒尼替尼

中位疾病进展时间:1.7个月(95% CI为1.0~2.4);

mOS:4.8个月(95% CI为3.8~4.8);

ORR:8.9%(95% CI为3.0%~19.6%),DCR:50.0%(95% CI为36.3%~63.7%)

西地尼布

ABC-03研究

Lancet Oncol,2015,16(8):967-978

Ⅱ~Ⅲ期RCT

ICC 23.4%

ECC 38.7%

GBC 31.5%

AVC 6.5%

GemCis+西地尼布对比GemCis+安慰剂

ORR:44%比19%, P=0.003 6;

mPFS:8个月(90% CI为6.5~9.3)比7.4个月(90% CI为5.7~8.5), HR=0.93,90% CI为0.65~1.35, P=0.72)

mOS:14.1个月(90% CI为10.2~16.4)比11.9个月(90% CI为9.2~14.3), HR=0.86,90% CI为0.58~1.27, P=0.44

FGFRi 11.9% 佩米替尼

FIGHT-202研究

Lancet Oncol,2020,21(5):671-684

J Clin Oncol,2021,39(15_suppl):4086

Ⅱ期队列研究

ICC 89%

ECC 8%

其他 3%

佩米替尼(队列A:108例FGFR2融合/重组,包含1例FGFR突变不明确患者;队列B:20例其他FGF/FGFR改变;队列C:18例无FGF/FGFR改变)

Lancet Oncol,2020:

ORR:队列A 35.5%,队列B 0,队列C 0;mPFS:队列A 6.9个月(90% CI为6.2~9.6);队列B 2.1个月(90% CI为1.2~4.9);无FGF/FGFR改变1.7个月(90% CI为1.3~1.8);mOS:队列A 21.1个月(90% CI为14.8~不可估计);队列B 6.7个月(90% CI为2.1~10.6);队列C 4.0个月(90% CI为2.3~6.5);

J Clin Oncol,2021:

队列A ORR为37.0%,mOS为17.5个月(95% CI为14.4~22.9)

佩米替尼

ESMO 2021,e-Poster 50P

Ann Oncol,2021,32(suppl_5):S376-S381

Ⅱ期单臂研究

FGFR2融合或重排

ICC 94.1%

AVC 5.9%

佩米替尼

ORR:50%(95% CI为31.3%~68.7%);

mPFS:6.3个月(95% CI

为4.9~NR)

英非格拉替尼

JCO 2021 265

J Clin Oncol,2021,39(3_suppl):265-265

Ⅱ期单臂研究

晚期胆管癌

FGFR 融合/重排

英非格拉替尼

ORR:23.1%(95% CI为15.6%~32.2%)

DCR:84.3%(95% CI为76.0%~90.6%)

mPFS:7.3个月(95% CI

为5.6~7.6)

mOS:12.2个月(95% CI

为10.7~14.9)

Futibatinib

FOENIX-CCA2研究

J Clin Oncol,2022,40(16_suppl):4009

Ⅱ期单臂研究 FGFR2融合或重排 Futibatinib

ORR:41.7%(43/103)

mPFS:8.9个月

12个月总生存率:73.1%

DCR:82.5%

mDOR:9.5个月

12个月无复发生存率:35.4%

mOS:20.0个月

Derazantinib

FIDES-01研究/ESMO 2021 e-Poster 47P

Ann Oncol,2021,32(suppl_6):S1345-S1371

Ⅱ期队列研究

FGFR2融合或重排

ICC或混合型肝癌

Derazantinib单药(FGFR2融合或突变/扩增)

FGFR2融合队列:

ORR:21.4%(95% CI为13.9%~30.5%)

DCR:75.7%(95% CI为66.3%~83.6%)

mPFS:8.0个月(95% CI为5.5~8.3)

mOS:15.9个月(95% CI为12.5~22.6)

IDH-1i

ICC:23~28%;

肝外胆管癌(ECC):0~7%

艾伏尼布

ClarIDHy研究

Lancet Oncol,2020,21(6):796-807

J Clin Oncol,2021,39(15_suppl):4069

Ⅲ期RCT

ICC 91.4%

ECC 3.2%

不明情况5.4%

艾伏尼布对比安慰剂

Lancet Oncol,2020:

ORR:2.4%比0

mPFS:2.7个月比1.4个月, P<0.0001

mOS:10.8个月比9.7个月, HR=0.69,95% CI为0.44~1.10, P=0.060

J Clin Oncol,2021:

mOS:10.3个月比7.5个月, HR=0.79,95% CI为0.56~1.12, P=0.093

EGFRi

ICC 27.4%;

ECC 19.2%

西妥昔单克隆抗体

BINGO研究

Lancet Oncol,2014,15(8):819-828

Ⅱ期RCT

ICC 63.3%

ECC 14.7%

GBC 14.7%

其他7.3%

GEMOX方案对比

GEMOX方案联合

西妥昔单克隆抗体

ORR:23%比23%

mPFS:5.5个月(95% CI为3.7~6.6)比6.1个月(95% CI为5.1~7.6)

mOS:12.4个月(95% CI为8.6~16.0)比11个月(95% CI为9.1~13.7)

帕尼单克隆抗体

单中心研究

Ann Oncol,2013,24(12):3061-3065

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC 54%

ECC 20%

GBC 17%

AVC 9%

帕尼单克隆抗体+吉西他滨+伊立替康

ORR:31%

DCR:74%

mPFS:9.7个月(95% CI为5.1~12.9)

mOS:12.9个月(95% CI为9.5~27.8)

帕尼单克隆抗体

Vecti-BIL研究

Cancer,2016,122(4):574-581

Ⅱ期RCT

ICC 47%

ECC 31.4%

GBC 31.4%

一线

GEMOX方案对比GEMOX方案联合帕尼单克隆抗体

mPFS:4.4个月比5.4个月, P=0.27;

mOS:10.2个月比9.9个月, P=0.42

ICC亚组总生存时间:15.1个月比11.8个月, P=0.13

厄罗替尼

单中心研究

Lancet Oncol,2012,13(2):181-188

Ⅲ期RCT

胆管癌67%

GBC 31%

AVC 2%

GEMOX方案对比GEMOX方案联合+厄罗替尼

ORR:16%(95% CI为10%~22%)比30%(95% CI为22%~37%), P=0.005;

mPFS:4.2个月(95% CI为2.7~5.7)比5.8个月(95% CI为4.6~7.0), P=0.087;

mOS:9.5个月比9.5个月, HR=0.93,95% CI为0.69~1.25, P=0.611;

胆管肿瘤亚组分析

mPFS:5.9个月(95% CI为4.7~7.1)比3.0个月(95% CI为1.1~4.9), HR=0.73,

P=0.049

MEK1/2 胆道恶性肿瘤(BTC)45% 司美替尼

多中心研究

J Clin Oncol,2011,29(17):2357-2363

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC 60.7%

ECC 14.3%

GBC 25.0%

司美替尼

12%的患者有明确的客观反应,68%的患者病情稳定,58%的患者病情长期稳定(≥16周);

mPFS:3.7个月(95% CI为3.5~4.9);

mOS:9.8个月(95% CI为5.97~不适用)

BRAF BTC5% 达拉非尼

ROAR研究

Lancet Oncol,2020,21(9):1234-1243

Ⅱ期单臂研究 BRAF突变晚期BTC 达拉非尼联合曲美替尼

ORR:51%;

6个月无复发生存率:63%(95% CI为47%~76%);

12个月总生存率:56%(95% CI为38%~71%);

mOS:14个月(95% CI为10~33)

HER2 BTC5~20% Trastuzu-mab derux-tecan[T-DXd(DS-8201)]

HERB研究

J Clin Oncol,2022,40(16_suppl):4006

Ⅱ期单臂研究 HER2阳性/低表达不可切/复发BTC T-DXd单药;n=32

HER2阳性:

ORR:36.4%(90% CI为19.6%~56.1%);

DCR:81.8%(95% CI为59.7%~94.8%);

mPFS:4.4个月(95% CI为2.8~8.3);

mOS:7.1个月(95% CI为4.7~14.6);

HER2低表达:

ORR:12.5%(1/8)(95% CI为0.3%~52.7%);

DCR:75.0%(95% CI为34.9%~96.8%);

mPFS:4.2个月(95% CI为1.3~6.2);

mOS:8.9个月(95% CI为3.0~12.8)

免疫检查点 4.1%高肿瘤突变负荷 免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)单药

日本多中心研究(JapicCTI-153098)

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol,2019,4(8):611-621

Ⅰ期非随机分组队列研究 不可切/晚期胆管癌 吉西他滨耐药组:纳武利尤单克隆抗体单药;初始化疗组:纳武利尤单克隆抗体+GemCis

吉西他滨耐药组:ORR=3%,mPFS=1.4个月(90% CI为1.4~1.4),mOS=5.2个月(90% CI为4.5~8.7);

初始化疗组:ORR=37%,mPFS=4.2个月(90% CI为2.8~5.6),mOS=15.4个月(90% CI为11.8~尚未达到)

Keynote 028研究

Int J Cancer,2020,147(8):2190-2198

Ⅰb期单臂研究 PD-L1阳性晚期胆管癌 帕博利珠单克隆抗体单药

ORR:13.0%(95% CI为2.8%~33.6%)

mPFS:1.8(95% CI为1.4~3.1)

mOS:5.7(95% CI为3.1~9.8)

Keynote 158研究

Int J Cancer,2020,147(8):2190-2198

Ⅱ期非随机研究 晚期胆管癌 帕博利珠单克隆抗体单药

全人群ORR:5.8%(95% CI为2.1%~12.1%);

PD-L1阳性ORR:6.6%

(4/61);PD-L1阴性ORR:2.9%(1/34)

全人群mPFS:2.0个月(95% CI为1.9~2.1)

全人群mOS:7.4个月(95% CI为5.5~9.6)

多中心研究

JAMA Oncol,2020,6(6):888-894

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC 59.3%;

ECC 9.3%;

GBC 31.55%

纳武利尤单克隆抗体单药

全人群ORR:22%(10/46),DCR:59%(27/46),mPFS:3.68个月(95% CI为2.30~5.69),mOS:14.24个月(95% CI为5.98~不可评估);

PD-L1阳性mPFS:10.4个月,mOS尚未达到;

PD-L1阴性mPFS:2.3个月,mOS:10.8个月

ICIs联合靶向

JVDF研究

Oncologist,2018,23(12):1407-e136

Ⅰ期

ICC 42.3%

ECC 34.6%;

其他 23.1%

帕博利珠单克隆抗体联合雷莫西尤单克隆抗体

ORR:4%(3/23);

mPFS:1.64个月(95% CI为1.38~2.76);

mOS:6.44个月(95% CI为4.17~13.27)

中国单中心研究(NCT038 95970)

Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr,2020,9(4):414-424

Ⅱ期单臂研究

ICC50%

ECC31%

GBC 19%

帕博利珠单克隆抗体联合仑伐替尼

ORR:25%(8/32);

DCR:78.1%(25/32);

mPFS:4.9个月(95% CI为4.7~5.2);

mOS:11个月(95% CI为9.6~12.3)

LEAP-005研究

J Clin Oncol,2021,39(3_suppl):321

Ⅱ期篮子研究 晚期BTC 帕博利珠单克隆抗体联合仑伐替尼

ORR:10%(95% CI为2%~26%);

DCR:68%(95% CI为49%~83%);

mPFS:6.1个月(95% CI为2.1~6.4);

mOS:8.6个月(95% CI为5.6~尚未达到)

Regomune研究

J Clin Oncol,2021,39(15_suppl):4096

Ⅱ期篮子研究

ICC 76.5%

ECC 20.6%

GBC 2.9%

瑞戈非尼联合阿维鲁单克隆抗体

ORR:13.8%;

mPFS:2.5个月(95% CI为1.9~5.5);

mOS:11.9个月(95% CI为6.2~不适用)

中国单中心研究(NCT043 61331)

J Clin Oncol,2021,39(15_suppl):4099

Ⅱ期单臂研究 ICC 特瑞普利单克隆抗体联合仑伐替尼

ORR:32.3%(10/31);

DCR:74.2%(23/31);

6个月总生存率:87.1%(27/31)

展开表格
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备注信息
A
樊嘉,复旦大学附属中山医院肝肿瘤外科&肝移植科 复旦大学肝癌研究所,上海 200032,Email: nc.defhsab.latipsoh‒szaij.naf
B

中国抗癌协会肝癌专业委员会胆管癌协作组. 原发性肝癌诊疗指南之肝内胆管癌诊疗中国专家共识(2022版)[J]. 中华消化外科杂志, 2022, 21(10): 1269-1301. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115610-2022 0829-00476.

C
感谢《原发性肝癌诊疗指南之肝内胆管癌诊疗中国专家共识(2022版)》编审委员会所有专家对本共识的大力支持;感谢君实生物医学部对本共识提供的文献检索和整理工作
D
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