综述
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
甲状腺相关眼病严重度分级和分期现状及存在的问题
欧路雨
何为民 [综述]
王钰娇 [综述]
作者及单位信息
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DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190526-00233
Research status and issues of severity grading and staging of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
Ou Luyu
He Weimin
Wang Yujiao
Authors Info & Affiliations
Ou Luyu
Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
He Weimin
Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
Wang Yujiao
Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190526-00233
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摘要

甲状腺相关眼病(TAO)是成人常见的眼眶疾病,可导致一系列眼部症状及体征,严重影响患者的视觉健康和生活质量。准确把握疾病病程进展、客观评价其严重程度和活动性对制定合理的治疗方案及改善患者的预后至关重要。TAO的分级分期方法在不断改进,在对眼病的主观症状和体征的描述性评价中,国际上先后提出甲状腺相关眼征分级(NOSPECS)、临床活动度评分(CAS)、VISA及EUGOGO四大分级分期系统,各系统之间既有相同之处,也有各自的侧重点。而近年来,随着科技的飞速发展,影像技术及实验室检查等客观评价方法对TAO的分级分期起到了不可忽视的作用。其中,眼眶CT和MRI的应用使得对疾病的定量分析取得重大突破。TAO分级分期方法的不断总结,为TAO病情判断、治疗方案选择和疗效预测提供参考和指导。

甲状腺相关眼病;严重度;活动度;影像
ABSTRACT

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a common orbital disease in the adults, which leads to a series of ocular symptoms and signs, seriously affecting the visual function and life quality of patients.Grasping the disease progression accurately and evaluating the severity and activity of TAO objectively play a crucial role in improving the management and prognosis of TAO patients.Grading and staging methods of TAO have been constantly improved.In the descriptive evaluation of subjective symptoms and signs of TAO, four international grading and staging systems with similarities and different focuses, namely, NOSPECS, CAS, VISA and EUGOGO, have been proposed successively.In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, objective evaluation methods such as imaging technology and laboratory examination have played an important role in the grading and staging of TAO.Among them, the application of orbital CT and MRI has made a great breakthrough in quantitative analysis of the disease.Continuous summary of grading and staging methods of TAO can contribute to the guidance for improving diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of TAO.

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy;Severity;Activity;Imaging
He Weimin, Email: mocdef.labiamtoh888mweh
引用本文

欧路雨,何为民,王钰娇. 甲状腺相关眼病严重度分级和分期现状及存在的问题[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2022,40(11):1114-1118.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20190526-00233

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甲状腺相关眼病(thyroid associated ophthalmopathy,TAO)是一种与甲状腺功能异常密切相关的器官特异性自身免疫性疾病,发病率居成人眼眶病的首位。TAO是Graves病常见的重要甲状腺外表现,通常发生在甲状腺功能亢进者,但有时可能发生在甲状腺功能正常或甲状腺功能减退者。TAO发病机制目前尚未明确,受多种因素影响,炎性细胞浸润、糖胺聚糖的沉积、脂肪组织增生变性、眼眶结缔组织及眼外肌水肿是其主要病理特征。临床评估TAO的严重程度和活动性主要基于一系列症状和体征:眶周软组织充血水肿、眼部刺激症状、眼球突出、眼球运动障碍、复视、暴露性角膜炎以及视神经病变。目前没有单一的临床检测来评估TAO,其严重度分级和活动性分期一直是临床的难点。国际上对于TAO的分级分期付诸许多努力,本文对评估TAO患者疾病严重度及活动性的系统及方法进行全面而简明的概述,以期为探索更趋于客观真实的TAO评估标准提供一些新的思路。
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