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CD4 + Th细胞相关性细胞因子与视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病
韩梦雨
王志军 [综述]
金明 [综述]
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20191104-00479
CD4 + Th cell associated cytokines and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disease
Han Mengyu
Wang Zhijun
Jin Ming
Authors Info & Affiliations
Han Mengyu
Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
Wang Zhijun
Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
Jin Ming
Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20191104-00479
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摘要

视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(NMOSD)是一大类与神经眼科交叉、体液免疫主导的自身免疫性疾病。视神经脊髓炎相关视神经炎(NMO-ON)常为视神经脊髓炎患者的首发症状，临床具有较高致盲率，给患者生活质量、学习、工作等方面带来沉重打击。水通道蛋白-4抗体(AQP4-IgG)的发现，使NMOSD在发病机制、诊断及治疗上取得显著的进步，但AQP4-IgG并非是NMOSD完全通用的生物标志物。CD4 +辅助性T(Th)细胞相关细胞因子在NMOSD发病中的重要性逐渐受到重视。本文回顾近些年来与NMOSD发病密切相关的CD4 + Th细胞相关性细胞因子的研究成果，包括Th17细胞相关细胞因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-17、IL-21，Th2细胞相关细胞因子IL-4、IL-5、IL-13、IL-31、IL-33和调节性T细胞相关细胞因子等，以期为NMOSD或NMO-ON的发病机制、诊断及治疗策略等提供新的线索。

视神经脊髓炎;视神经炎;细胞因子;视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病;辅助性T细胞;白细胞介素
ABSTRACT

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease characterized by neuro-ophthalmic intercross and humoral immunity.Neuromyelitis optica related optic neuritis (NMO-ON) is often the initial symptom of NMOSD patients, with a high blinding rate, which brought a heavy blow to the quality of life, study, work and other aspects of patients.The discovery of aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) has brought significant progress in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of NMOSD.However, AQP4-IgG is not a universal biomarker of NMOSD.The role of CD4 + T helper (Th) cell related cytokines in the pathogenesis of NMOSD has been increasingly emphasized.This paper reviewed the research results of CD4 + Th cell-related cytokines closely related to the occurrence of NMOSD in recent years, including Th17 cell-related cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-17, IL-21, Th2 cell-related cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-31, IL-33, and regulatory T cell-related cytokines, etc.to provide new insights for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment strategies of NMOSD or NMO-ON.

Neuromyelitis optica;Optic neuritis;Cytokines;Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders;Th cells;Interleukin
Jin Ming, Email: mocdef.3ab61kygnimnij
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引用本文

韩梦雨,王志军,金明. CD4 + Th细胞相关性细胞因子与视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病 [J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2022,40(12)：1192-1196.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20191104-00479

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视神经脊髓炎(neuromyelitis optica，NMO)是以视神经及脊髓为主要靶点、亚裔人群高发、与神经眼科交叉的体液免疫性炎症性疾病 [ 1 ]。视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders，NMOSD)包括NMO、视神经炎(optic neuritis，ON)、长节段性横贯性脊髓炎(longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis，LETM)和其他典型的脱髓鞘性脑综合征 [ 2 ]。NMO是中青年非创伤性残疾及致盲常见病因之一 [ 3 ]，与NMO相关的特发性ON称为NMO相关ON(NMO-ON)，NMO-ON患者很难从常规治疗中获益，且治疗反应呈现多样化，多遗留不同程度的视神经萎缩 [ 3 ]，给患者的生活、工作及学习等带来极大的影响。抗水通道蛋白4抗体(aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G，AQP4-IgG)的发现，使NMOSD在发病机制、诊断及治疗上取得显著进展 [ 4 ]。但AQP4-IgG并非NMOSD完全通用的生物标志物，关于AQP4-IgG如何产生和攻击神经系统的机制及其在NMOSD发病中的作用机制仍不完全清楚，已知能够早期诊断NMOSD、给予疾病特异性干预及监测病情的生物标志物较少。认识细胞因子分泌的T细胞特征已经变得越来越重要，因为中枢神经系统(central nervous system，CNS)的不同免疫紊乱机制涉及不同的T细胞特定亚型。CD4 +辅助性T(T helper，Th)细胞可分为不同的细胞亚群，其中Th17、Th2、调节性T(regulatory T，Treg)细胞相关性细胞因子与NMOSD的发病机制密切相关，在NMOSD的发病机制研究、诊断、治疗、预后监测等方面具有一定的价值 [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]。本文将对该类细胞因子进行论述，以期为NMOSD或NMO-ON的发病机制、诊断及治疗策略研究等方面提供新的线索。
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备注信息
A
金明，Email： mocdef.3ab61kygnimnij
B
所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突
C
国家自然科学基金面上项目 (82174440)
中日友好医院"菁英计划"人才培育工程项目 (ZRJY2021-QM24)
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