[综述]
光相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)可分层获取视网膜、脉络膜血流图像，评估视盘和黄斑不同区域不同层次血管形态及血流灌注情况，为视神经疾病的描述和量化、疾病发病机制的研究以及新型治疗方法的开发和评价提供了丰富的可能性。近年来，OCTA在神经眼科的疾病诊疗中发挥了重要作用。OCTA可辅助诊断视神经炎、缺血性视神经病变、特发性颅内高压所致的视盘水肿等疾病，并在一定程度评估患眼视功能。OCTA对视盘及黄斑区的血管形态和定量分析对于各种病因所致视盘肿胀和不同类型的前部缺血性视神经病变可能具有鉴别价值，并有利于进一步探讨视神经疾病的发病机制。本文综述了OCTA在视神经疾病诊断、鉴别诊断及发病机制研究中的应用现状、最新进展及局限性。目前，OCTA在神经眼科中尚未进入有意义的临床应用阶段，但今后会有更多有意义的研究和发现，OCTA在神经眼科中的应用也会越来越广。
Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) can be used to obtain retinal and choroidal blood flow images of optic disc and macular area, and evaluate the vascular morphology and blood perfusion of different layers in different areas of optic disc and macular area.It provides rich possibilities for the description and quantification of optic nerve diseases, the exploration of disease pathogenesis, and the development and evaluation of new treatments.In recent years, OCTA has played an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of optic nerve diseases.It is helpful in the diagnosis of optic neuritis, ischemic optic neuropathy, papilledema secondary to idiopathic intracranial hypertension, and to some extent to evaluate the visual function of affected eyes.The vascular morphology and quantitative analysis of the optic disc and macular area by OCTA may be of value in discriminating optic disc swelling from various etiologies and different types of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, and facilitate further exploration of the pathogenesis of optic nerve diseases.This article reviewed the application status, recent progress and limitations of OCTA in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and pathogenesis of optic nerve diseases.OCTA is still not in the stage of meaningful clinical use in neuro-ophthalmology, but its application can be wider as there are more meaningful researches and findings.
刘晓蓉,陈放. 光相干断层扫描血管成像在视神经疾病中的应用[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2022,40(12)：1208-1213.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200427-00290版权归中华医学会所有。
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