In January 2022, after an eight-year hiatus, the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) published the latest version of
AAPOS uniform guidelines for instrument-based pediatric vision screen validation.Based on recent studies, the new guidelines have been updated and supplemented in many aspects, such as screening population, key points, methods and diagnosis criteria, including clinically significant refractive errors and myopia, simplified age subgroups, and adopted meridional refractive power.The updated guidelines will improve pediatric eye care, early detection of amblyopia and refractive screening, reduce excessive referral and ultimately improve the effectiveness of vision screening.In this article, the background and specific content of the updated guidelines were interpreted to guide clinical practice.
Child;Amblyopia;Refractive errors;Myopia;Vision screening;Guidelines interpretation;American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
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2022年1月,美国斜视与小儿眼科协会(American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus,AAPOS)发布了最新版的《儿童视力筛查指南》
[
1
],为儿童眼保健,尤其是视力筛查工作及筛查设备的开发提出新的指导意见,指南内容涵盖筛查对象、筛查重点、筛查方法和诊断标准等方面。本文就指南的修订背景和具体内容等进行解读,以指导临床实践。
1 指南的建立原则
世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)建议疾病筛查应关注具有以下特点的疾病:明显影响健康、渐进性发展、可治疗、疾病早期具有症状、自然病史较清晰。AAPOS视力筛查和研究委员会遵循WHO建议,主要筛查弱视危险因素(amblyopia risk factors,ARFs)、未矫正屈光异常以及进展性近视。弱视是早期视觉发育异常引起的功能性视力下降,原因包括形觉剥夺、斜视、屈光异常等,统称为ARFs。未矫正屈光异常虽然不会导致儿童弱视,但会影响儿童的生活和学习。近视可以通过临床治疗控制其进展。
Chinese Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus,Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Group of Chinese Ophthalmologist Association. Expert consensus on prevention and treatment of amblyopia in children[J].Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021,57(5)∶336-340. DOI:
10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20210109-00014
.
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