近视患病率逐年上升,已成为重要的公共卫生问题。近视是遗传和环境共同作用的结果,通过探索近视过程中代谢物的变化有利于获知关于其致病机制的新线索。代谢组学对构成生物系统的所有小分子代谢物(相对分子质量<1 000)进行整体分析,是一种发现潜在生物标志物的有效工具。通过对近视人群的代谢组学研究可以发现与近视相关的代谢变化,筛选出具有潜在生物学意义的标志物,用于近视的早期诊断及治疗。目前已发现与氧化应激及炎症相关的代谢产物在近视的发生和发展中起重要作用,能量代谢及氨基酸代谢异常也与近视眼底改变相关。此外,近视相关经典代谢物,如视黄酸、多巴胺及维生素D,其他代谢物,如褪黑素、环磷酸腺苷和5-羟吲哚乙酸,以及包括脂肪酸代谢和线粒体内新陈代谢相关的多种代谢途径,与近视密切相关。本文对近视相关的代谢组学研究进行系统综述,为近视防治研究和应用提供线索。
Myopia has become a global public health concern with its increasing prevalence.It is the interaction result of genetic and environmental factors.Exploration of the changes of metabolites in myopia is helpful to know new clues about its pathogenic mechanism.Metabolomics focuses on the integral analysis of all small molecular metabolites (relative molecular mass <1 000) which form a biological system and it is used as an effective tool to discover potential biomarkers.Metabolomic analysis of the myopic population could discover the metabolic changes related to myopia and screen the markers with potential biological significance, which can be used in the early diagnosis and treatment of myopia.It has been found that metabolites related to oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in the development of myopia.Abnormal energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism are associated with myopic fundus changes.In addition, classical myopia-associated metabolites such as retinoic acid, dopamine and vitamin D, other metabolites such as melatonin, cyclic adenosine monophosphate and 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid, as well as multiple metabolic pathways such as fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial metabolism are all closely related to myopia.This article systematically reviewed metabolomics researches on myopia, providing clues for better prevention and control of myopia in the future.
刘尚,熊淑毓,何鲜桂. 代谢组学方法对近视机制研究的系统评价[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2023,41(04):392-397.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200613-00429版权归中华医学会所有。
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