综述
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
人工晶状体有效位置的计算及影响因素
何思瑾
吴强 [综述]
作者及单位信息
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DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20220304-00088
Calculation formulas and influence factors of effective lens position
He Sijin
Wu Qiang
Authors Info & Affiliations
He Sijin
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
Wu Qiang
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20220304-00088
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摘要

行白内障摘除手术的同时往往联合植入与术眼相匹配屈光度数的人工晶状体(IOL),以期达到术后恢复患者最佳视觉功能的目的,但术眼的实际屈光度与术前预测值之间经常存在一定误差,术后屈光误差的重要来源之一是术后植入眼内的IOL预期位置发生改变。为了提高对术后屈光情况预测的准确性,Holladay提出在IOL屈光度计算公式中引入"IOL有效位置"(ELP)这一概念。计算ELP时纳入的参数及算法差异使IOL屈光度计算公式的准确性存在差异。随着采用多个参数的计算方法及技术应用,特别是基于人工智能算法的应用,IOL屈光度数计算公式的准确性已显著增加。但ELP还受到眼部解剖结构差异、IOL材料及设计差异、眼科手术操作等因素影响,特别是影响囊袋稳定性的相关因素增加了准确预测ELP的难度。因此,有关术后ELP的变化情况还需不断深入探讨研究,以期获得更加准确的术后屈光效果。本文就ELP的预测计算公式发展情况及ELP的影响因素做一综述。

白内障;人工晶状体;人工晶状体植入术;人工晶状体有效位置;计算公式;影响因素;综述
ABSTRACT

Cataract extraction is often combined with the implantation of intraocular lens (IOL) with the diopter matching the operated eye to restore optimal visual function after surgery.However, there are often errors between the actual refractive power of the operated eye and the predicted value.One of the major causes of postoperative refractive error is the change in IOL position compared with the expected position.In order to improve the accuracy of postoperative refraction prediction, Holladay proposed to introduce the concept of effective lens position (ELP) into the IOL diopter calculation formula.The differences in the parameters and algorithms incorporated in the calculation of ELP lead to differences in the accuracy of IOL calculation formulas.With the application of multi-parameter calculation methods, especially the formula based on the artificial intelligence algorithm, the accuracy of IOL calculation formula has been significantly improved.ELP is also affected by various factors such as differences in ocular anatomy, IOL design and material, and surgical procedures, especially the factors affecting the stability of the capsular bag that increase the difficulty of accurately predicting ELP.Therefore, the changes in postoperative ELP need to be further discussed in order to obtain more accurate postoperative refraction.This article aimed to give a review of the development of calculation formulas and the influencing factors of ELP.

Cataract;Lenses, intraocular;Lens implantation, intraocular;Effective lens position;Calculation formulas;Influence factors;Review
Wu Qiang, Email: mocdef.3ab61hsnayw
引用本文

何思瑾,吴强. 人工晶状体有效位置的计算及影响因素[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2023,41(06):598-602.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20220304-00088

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白内障是全球致盲和视力损害的主要眼病,随着眼科手术精细化操作技术的开展以及术前生物测量准确性的提高,白内障摘除手术已由单纯的复明手术转变为以精准恢复功能性视力为目标的屈光手术。如何减少术后屈光误差一直是白内障摘除联合人工晶状体(intraocular lens,IOL)植入术备受关注的重点及难点问题。与眼轴长度(axial length,AL)、角膜曲率等生物参数的测量误差相比,术后IOL位置的预测误差是导致白内障摘除术后屈光误差的重要影响因素[ 1 ]。早期IOL的屈光度计算主要是根据历史经验或基于线性回归分析研究,但是仍有20%的患者术后屈光误差超过1.0 D,甚至有患者的术后屈光误差超过3.0 D[ 2 ]。为了提高对术后屈光情况的预测准确性,1993年Holladay首次提出了"IOL有效位置"(effective lens position,ELP)这一概念,即角膜顶点到IOL主平面的距离[ 3 ],用于优化IOL屈光度计算公式的准确性。ELP是指将IOL视为厚度形态忽略不计的薄透镜时其所处的屈光平面[ 4 ],是术前对于术后IOL位置的预测。多种影响因素可以导致ELP的变化,包括患者的眼部解剖因素、IOL材料及设计以及眼部手术操作等。本文就ELP的预测计算公式发展情况及其影响因素做一综述。
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吴强,Email:mocdef.3ab61hsnayw
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所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突
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国家自然科学基金项目 (81770940)
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