综述
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Nrf2信号通路在白内障发生和发展中的作用
陈月芹
薛春燕 [综述]
作者及单位信息
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DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20210323-00200
Effects of the Nrf2 signaling pathway on the occurrence and development of cataract
Chen Yueqin
Xue Chunyan
Authors Info & Affiliations
Chen Yueqin
Department of Ophthalmology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China
Xue Chunyan
Department of Ophthalmology, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
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DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20210323-00200
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摘要

白内障是世界上主要的致盲眼病,其发生和发展的主要机制为晶状体的氧化应激损伤。大量抗氧化基因的表达受核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)调控,Nrf2氧化防御系统是机体抗氧化损伤的主要防御系统之一。Nrf2信号通路的活性受Kelch样ECH相关蛋白1(Keap1)调控,Keap1介导Nrf2蛋白降解使其通路的激活受到抑制——依赖Keap1的调控方式。不少研究提示Nrf2信号通路还受其他方式调控——非依赖Keap1的调控方式,例如Nrf2的磷酸化、乙酰化等蛋白修饰(PKC、PI3K/Akt、JNK和P300/CBP)以及表观遗传(启动子的甲基化、组蛋白修饰和微小RNA-144、-28和-34)。Nrf2及其下游抗氧化基因表达的减少在白内障的发生和发展中起重要作用。许多化合物,如桑色素、金丝桃苷、萝卜硫素、金樱子提取物、丁苯酞和乙酰左旋肉碱被证实可以通过激活Nrf2信号通路、上调其下游抗氧化基因的表达、抑制氧化应激反应,减轻晶状体上皮细胞的氧化损伤,从而达到抑制、减轻白内障的作用。本文就近年来关于Nrf2信号通路以及Nrf2激活剂与白内障的关系研究进行综述,以期为白内障的防治提供理论依据。

核因子E2相关因子2;信号通路;氧化应激;白内障
ABSTRACT

Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, and the common mechanism for its onset and development is oxidative damage to the lens.The expression of a large number of antioxidant genes is regulated by nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and the Nrf2 oxidative defense system is one of the main defense systems for antioxidant damage in the body.The activity of Nrf2 signaling pathway is primarily regulated by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and Keap1 mediates Nrf2 protein degradation thereby inhibiting the activation of the Nrf2 pathway in a Keap1-dependent manner.Increasing research has revealed other mechanisms of Nrf2 regulation in a Keap1-independent manner, including phosphorylation and acetylation of Nrf2 (PKC, PI3K/Akt, JNK, and P300/CBP) and epigenetic factors (promoter methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs-144, -28 and -34). Reduced expression of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant genes has been shown to play an important role in the onset and development of various types of cataracts.Many compounds, such as morin, hyperoside, sulforaphane, rosae laevigatae extract, 3-n-butylphthalide, and acetyl-L-carnitine, have been found to be able to upregulate the expression of antioxidant genes by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway to protect lens epithelial cells from oxidative stress to prevent or alleviate cataract.This article reviewed recent researches on Nrf2 signaling pathway and the relationship between Nrf2 activators and cataract to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of cataract.

Nrf2;Signaling pathway;Oxidative stress;Cataract
Xue Chunyan, Email: mocdef.6ab21ncnaynuhceux
引用本文

陈月芹,薛春燕. Nrf2信号通路在白内障发生和发展中的作用[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2023,41(06):607-611.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20210323-00200

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白内障是世界上主要的致盲眼病,除手术外,缺乏针对其潜在机制的有效防治方法 [ 1 ]。虽然白内障病因复杂多样,其发病机制未完全阐明,但不少研究表明氧化应激损伤是导致白内障的共同因素,过度的氧化应激引起晶状体蛋白发生氧化、变性、聚集,最终导致晶状体混浊形成白内障 [ 2 ]。核因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,Nrf2)是细胞内主要的抗氧化转录因子。Nrf2信号通路的激活可以上调抗氧化基因的表达,是细胞抵御氧化应激损伤的重要通路之一 [ 3 ]。研究发现Nrf2信号通路异常与白内障的发生和发展有关 [ 1 , 4 , 5 ]。本文就Nrf2氧化防御通路与白内障发生和发展的关系进行综述,以期为白内障的防治提供新靶点。
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薛春燕,Email: mocdef.6ab21ncnaynuhceux
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所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突
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军队医学科技青年培育计划拔尖项目 (19QNP064)
江苏省自然科学基金项目 (BK20191233)
江苏省卓越博士后计划项目 (2022ZB702)
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