随机临床试验中无药理活性的安慰剂可引发人体产生积极的生理反应，从而具有缓解疾病症状的作用，被称为安慰剂效应。本文总结了安慰剂效应机制的研究进展，介绍了整合框架理论、安慰剂组学研究及安慰剂效应的分子机制研究。多巴胺、阿片类物质、5-羟色胺和内源性大麻素等信号系统中的分子可能参与了安慰剂效应，也参与了抑郁症等精神疾病的发生发展。这提示安慰剂效应和抑郁症可能存在共同的作用分子，为抑郁症的临床治疗和药物设计提供了新的启示。
In randomized clinical trials, pharmacologically inactive placebos can induce positive physiological responses in the human body, thereby relieving disease symptoms, known as the placebo effect. This article summarizes the research progress on the mechanism of the placebo effect, introduces the integrative framework theory, and focuses on the study of placebomics and molecular mechanisms of placebo effects. Molecules in signal systems, such as dopamine, opiate substances, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and endogenous cannabinoids, may be involved in the placebo effect. These signal systems are also involved in the occurrence and development of mental illnesses such as depression. It suggests that there may be common molecular mechanisms between the placebo effect and depression, providing new insights for clinical treatment and drug design for depression. Personalized placebos can be applied to replace conventional active drugs for treating depression, and specific medications for depression can be developed by avoiding common molecular mechanisms with placebo effects during the development of antidepressants.
蔡雷,任思源,贺林,等. 安慰剂效应的分子机制研究及应用进展[J]. 中华精神科杂志,2023,56(05)：388-394.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn113661-20230130-00020版权归中华医学会所有。
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