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ENGLISH ABSTRACT
先天性失嗅的研究进展
李天洋
张永丽
周小林
李奔
刘剑锋
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20231010-00135
Advancements in the research of congenital anosmia
Li Tianyang
Zhang Yongli
Zhou Xiaolin
Li Ben
Liu Jianfeng
Authors Info & Affiliations
Li Tianyang
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
Zhang Yongli
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
Zhou Xiaolin
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
Li Ben
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
Liu Jianfeng
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20231010-00135
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摘要

嗅觉在人类的生存和环境感知过程中十分重要，先天性失嗅（congenital anosmia，CA）是一种罕见的疾病，分为孤立性和综合征性CA，其遗传方式复杂。近年来的研究揭示了多个相关基因的突变，这些突变在嗅觉通路的发育和信号转导过程中发挥作用。本文详细介绍孤立性和综合征性CA的病因、分子机制、诊断和治疗。

引用本文

李天洋,张永丽,周小林,等. 先天性失嗅的研究进展[J]. 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志,2024,59(02)：180-186.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20231010-00135

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嗅觉是人类重要的化学感受之一。嗅觉障碍会影响个体对美食的享受，可能造成食欲不振及营养不良；亦使个体无法感知食品变质、煤气泄漏或火灾等风险；甚至影响社会交往。少部分患者的总体生活质量出现明显下降，导致抑郁情绪 ［ 1 , 2 ］ 。先天性失嗅（congenital anosmia，CA）定义为排除其他致病因素后，以个体自出生起便无法感知气味、无法分辨不同气味为特征的疾病。CA分为孤立性和综合征性两种，前者除失嗅外其他方面正常；而后者的失嗅与其他临床症状并存，是某种综合征的一部分，常伴随多系统异常 ［ 3 ］ 。人群中CA的患病率为0.01%~0.05%，男性发病率为女性的5倍 ［ 4 ］ 。其遗传方式复杂，包括常染色体显性遗传、常染色体隐性遗传及X连锁遗传。本文主要探讨孤立性和综合征性CA的病因、分子机制、诊断和治疗。
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备注信息
A
刘剑锋，Email： mocdef.3ab61suicufnocmm
B
李天洋, 张永丽, 周小林, 等. 先天性失嗅的研究进展[J]. 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2024, 59(2): 180-186. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20231010-00135.
C
所有作者声明无利益冲突
D
中央高水平医院临床科研业务费 (2022-NHLHCRF-YGJE-02)
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