With the advancement of prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and treatment technology, the 5-year survival rate has remarkably increased, and PCa has entered the era of chronic disease management. Medical castration therapy remains the cornerstone treatment option for PCa patients, and run throughout the various stages of patient treatment. The disease progression, treatment-related adverse reactions and related complications of PCa patients after medical castration have become a major problem in the long-term management of PCa patients, affecting the survival and quality of life of patients. In addition to focus on the disease management of prostate patients during diagnosis and treatment, patients should be closely followed up after medical castration, especially for those at the critical stage of disease treatment. Testosterone or other indicators should be monitored at important nodes of the disease (the point of initiation disease phase and the point of treatment switch) to avoid missing the optimal treatment window. Follow-up management of PCa should take into account the characteristics of the treatment stage of the disease (disease stage, previous symptoms, prognostic factors and treatment strategy) and patients' own demands, and personalized follow-up strategies should be recommended to better increase patients' treatment compliance and improve patients' prognosis. Currently, there is a lack of guidelines or consensus on the management on the follow-up and quality of life of PCa patients after medical castration in China. Therefore, the Chinese Prostate Cancer Consortium has organized domestic experts to formulate this consensus, with the aim of providing a reference for the management on the follow-up and quality of life of PCa patients receiving medical castration therapy, and to further improve the prognosis and quality of life of PCa patients in China.