综述
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
环境污染与DR的关系研究进展
袁天宜
邹海东 [综述]
作者及单位信息
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20211228-00719
Research progress on the association between environmental pollution and diabetic retinopathy
Yuan Tianyi
Zou Haidong
Authors Info & Affiliations
Yuan Tianyi
Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
Zou Haidong
Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai 200080, China
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20211228-00719
0
0
0
0
0
0
PDF下载
APP内阅读
摘要

糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是由持续高血糖状态导致的一种慢性进行性视网膜病变,已成为我国人群中重度视力损伤和盲的主要原因之一。然而,目前对于DR发生和发展的相关因素仍未完全明确。目前研究确认的部分环境污染物,如空气颗粒物、硫化氢、钴、镉、铯、邻苯二甲酸酯、甲基乙二醛和2-哌啶酮等,可能会通过氧化应激、炎症反应和血管内皮细胞生长因子的相关通路增加DR的发病风险或加速病程进展。为了明确环境污染物暴露与DR之间的因果关系和剂量-反应关系,仍需要进一步研究探索具体的发病机制,并进行对环境暴露量化测量的纵向研究。本文就包括空气污染、重金属污染和化学污染在内的环境污染物与DR相关的近期流行病学研究结果和病理生理机制进行综述。

糖尿病视网膜病变;环境污染;空气污染;重金属污染;化学污染
ABSTRACT

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic progressive retinal disease caused by sustained hyperglycemia, which has become one of the leading causes of severe visual impairment and blindness in China.Nevertheless, factors that contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of DR remain unclear.Previous research has revealed that some environmental pollutants including particulate matter, H 2S, cobalt, cadmium, cesium, phthalic acid esters, methylglyoxal and 2-piperidone can potentially increase the risk or progression of DR through the related pathways of oxidative stress, inflammatory response and vascular endothelial growth factor.To clarify the causal and dose-response relationship between exposure to environmental pollutants and DR, further investigation is required to explore the detailed mechanisms.Moreover, longitudinal studies with quantified measurements of environmental exposures are also needed.This article reviews recent epidemiological research and the potential mechanisms of correlation between DR and air pollution, heavy metal pollution and chemical pollution.

Diabetic retinopathy;Environmental pollution;Air pollution;Heavy metal pollution;Chemical pollution
Zou Haidong, Email: nc.defudabe.utjsgnodiahuoz
引用本文

袁天宜,邹海东. 环境污染与DR的关系研究进展[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2024,42(08):758-762.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20211228-00719

PERMISSIONS

Request permissions for this article from CCC.

评价本文
*以上评分为匿名评价
糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)是高血糖状态下并发的一种慢性进行性视网膜病变,近20年来,全球DR年发病率已达到2.2%~12.7%,其进展率为3.4%~12.3% [ 1 ]。在我国糖尿病患者中,DR患病率已高达18.8%~26.1% [ 2 ]。按照严重程度,DR可分为非增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy,NPDR)和增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferative diabetic retinopathy,PDR)。DR早期发病隐匿,当患者感到视力明显下降时,往往已进入PDR期,此时治疗预后较差。在欧美发达国家,DR是工作年龄人群中重度视力损伤和盲的主要原因之一 [ 3 ],在我国,DR也已日益成为重要的公共卫生问题。但至今,对于DR发生和发展的相关因素仍未完全明确。目前已知与DR发病有关的病理生理机制包括多元醇途径、己糖胺途径、蛋白激酶C途径、糖基化终末产物形成、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)释放等 [ 4 ]。目前已知可用于人群防控、与DR发生有关的影响因素包括高血糖、高血压、高血脂等 [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]。随着社会发展和生活环境改变,不断有新的DR相关因素被发现,如环境污染等。
环境污染是指由人为因素导致环境和生态平衡被破坏,对公众健康构成威胁的现象 [ 9 ]。常见的环境污染包括空气污染、重金属污染、化学污染等 [ 10 ]。世界卫生组织在2021年报告中提出,环境污染和其他环境风险相关的死亡人数约占全球总死亡人数的24%,其中2/3的死因是由于环境污染造成的心脏病、脑卒中和肿瘤等 [ 11 ]。近年来越来越多的研究表明,环境污染的暴露会影响DR的发生和发展。本文就环境污染与DR关系的研究进展进行综述。
试读结束,您可以通过登录机构账户或个人账户后获取全文阅读权限。
参考文献
[1]
Sabanayagam C Banu R Chee ML et al. Incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy:a systematic review[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 20197(2)∶140149. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(18)30128-1 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[2]
邓宇轩叶雯青孙艳婷中国糖尿病视网膜病变患病率的荟萃分析[J]. 中华医学杂志 2020100(48)∶38463852. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200925-02720 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
Deng YX Ye WQ Sun YT et al. A meta-analysis of prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in China[J]. Natl Med J China 2020100(48)∶38463852. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200925-02720 .
Goto CitationGoogle Scholar
Baidu Scholar
Wanfang Data
[3]
Valpuesta Martin Y Pacheco Callirgos GE Maroto Martín TM et al. Satisfaction of patients and primary care professionals with a teleophthalmology-based screening programme for diabetic retinopathy in a rural area in Castilla y León,Spain[J/OL]. Rural Remote Health 202020(1)∶5180[2023-12-10]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31941342/. DOI: 10.22605/RRH5180 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[4]
Leley SP Ciulla TA Bhatwadekar AD . Diabetic retinopathy in the aging population:a perspective of pathogenesis and treatment[J]. Clin Interv Aging 20211613671378. DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S297494 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[5]
Hammes HP . Diabetic retinopathy:hyperglycaemia,oxidative stress and beyond[J]. Diabetologia 201861(1)∶2938. DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4435-8 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[6]
Sahajpal NS Goel RK Chaubey A et al. Pathological perturbations in diabetic retinopathy:hyperglycemia,AGEs,oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways[J]. Curr Protein Pept Sci 201920(1)∶92110. DOI: 10.2174/1389203719666180928123449 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[7]
Wat N Wong RL Wong IY . Associations between diabetic retinopathy and systemic risk factors[J]. Hong Kong Med J 201622(6)∶589599. DOI: 10.12809/hkmj164869 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[8]
Chou Y Ma J Su X et al. Emerging insights into the relationship between hyperlipidemia and the risk of diabetic retinopathy[J/OL]. Lipids Health Dis 202019(1)∶241[2023-12-10]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33213461/. DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01415-3 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[9]
Lu W Wu H Geng S Heterogeneity and threshold effects of environmental regulation on health expenditure:considering the mediating role of environmental pollution[J/OL]. J Environ Manage 2021297113276[2023-12-10]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34293674/. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113276 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[10]
Xu X Nie S Ding H et al. Environmental pollution and kidney diseases[J]. Nat Rev Nephrol 201814(5)∶313324. DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2018.11 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[11]
World Health Organization. Compendium of WHO and other UN guidance on health and environment,Version with International Classification of Health Intervention (ICHI) codes[M]. GenevaWorld Health Organization 2023249.
[12]
Chen C Zhang H Yan W et al. Aerosol water content enhancement leads to changes in the major formation mechanisms of nitrate and secondary organic aerosols in winter over the North China Plain[J/OL]. Environ Pollut 2021287117625[2023-12-10]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34186500/. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117625 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[13]
Calderón-Garcidueñas L Stommel EW Rajkumar RP et al. Particulate air pollution and risk of neuropsychiatric outcomes.what we breathe,swallow,and put on our skin matters[J/OL]. Int J Environ Res Public Health 202118(21)∶11568[2023-12-10]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34770082/. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111568 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[14]
Pan SC Huang CC Chin WS et al. Association between air pollution exposure and diabetic retinopathy among diabetics[J/OL]. Environ Res 2020181108960[2023-12-10]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31785778/. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108960 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[15]
Shan A Chen X Yang X et al. Association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and diabetic retinopathy among diabetic patients:a national cross-sectional study in China[J/OL]. Environ Int 2021154106568[2023-12-11]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33878615/. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106568 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[16]
Portillo JC Lopez Corcino Y Miao Y et al. CD40 in retinal Müller cells induces P2X7-dependent cytokine expression in macrophages/microglia in diabetic mice and development of early experimental diabetic retinopathy[J]. Diabetes 201766(2)∶483493. DOI: 10.2337/db16-0051 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[17]
Rodríguez ML Pérez S Mena-Mollá S et al. Oxidative stress and microvascular alterations in diabetic retinopathy:future therapies[J/OL]. Oxid Med Cell Longev 201920194940825[2023-12-11]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31814880/. DOI: 10.1155/2019/4940825 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[18]
Han Y Zhang X Zhou Z et al. Hydrogen sulfide serves as a biomarker in the anterior segment of patients with diabetic retinopathy[J]. Int Ophthalmol 202040(4)∶891899. DOI: 10.1007/s10792-019-01252-z .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[19]
Khodamoradi S Sagharyan M Samari E et al. Changes in phenolic compounds production as a defensive mechanism against hydrogen sulfide pollution in Scrophularia striata[J]. Plant Physiol Biochem 20221772331. DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.02.013 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[20]
Yin M Yun Z Fan F et al. Insights into the mechanism of low-temperature H 2 S oxidation over Zn-Cu/Al 2 O 3 catalyst [J/OL]. Chemosphere 2022291(Pt 3)∶133105[2023-12-11]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34843834/. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133105 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[21]
Ran R Du L Zhang X et al. Elevated hydrogen sulfide levels in vitreous body and plasma in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J]. Retina 201434(10)∶20032009. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000184 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[22]
Du J Jin H Yang L Role of hydrogen sulfide in retinal diseases[J/OL]. Front Pharmacol 20178588[2023-12-11]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28900398/. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00588 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[23]
Tassetto M Scialdone A Solini A et al. The P2X7 receptor:a promising pharmacological target in diabetic retinopathy[J/OL]. Int J Mol Sci 202122(13)∶7110[2023-12-11]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34281162/. DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137110 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[24]
Rezzola S Loda A Corsini M et al. Angiogenesis-inflammation cross talk in diabetic retinopathy:novel insights from the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane/human vitreous platform[J/OL]. Front Immunol 202011581288[2023-12-11]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33117388/. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.581288 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[25]
Singh RP Elman MJ Singh SK et al. Advances in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy[J/OL]. J Diabetes Complications 201933(12)∶107417[2023-12-11]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31669065/. DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107417 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[26]
Lozano M Murcia M Soler-Blasco R et al. Exposure to metals and metalloids among pregnant women from Spain:Levels and associated factors[J/OL]. Chemosphere 2022286(Pt 2)∶131809[2023-12-11]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34388877/. DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131809 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[27]
Githaiga KB Njuguna SM Gituru RW et al. Water quality assessment,multivariate analysis and human health risks of heavy metals in eight major lakes in Kenya[J/OL]. J Environ Manage 2021297113410[2023-12-12]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34346396/. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113410 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[28]
Suh M Casteel S Dunsmore M et al. Bioaccessibility and relative oral bioavailability of cobalt and nickel in residential soil and dust affected by metal grinding operations[J/OL]. Sci Total Environ 2019660677689[2023-12-12]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30641396/. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.317 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[29]
Abu El-Asrar AM Ahmad A Allegaert E et al. Galectin-1 studies in proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J/OL]. Acta Ophthalmol 202098(1)∶e1e12[2023-12-12]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31318490/. DOI: 10.1111/aos.14191 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[30]
Abu El-Asrar AM Nawaz MI Ahmad A et al. CD146/soluble CD146 pathway is a novel biomarker of angiogenesis and inflammation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J/OL]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 202162(9)∶32[2023-12-12]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34293080/. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.62.9.32 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[31]
Li X Liu X Guo H et al. The significance of the increased expression of phosphorylated MeCP2 in the membranes from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J/OL]. Sci Rep 2016632850[2023-12-12]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27616658/. DOI: 10.1038/srep32850 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[32]
Ahmad A Nawaz MI Siddiquei MM et al. Apocynin ameliorates NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) induced oxidative damage in the hypoxic human retinal Müller cells and diabetic rat retina[J]. Mol Cell Biochem 2021476(5)∶20992109. DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04071-y .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[33]
Dehdashtian E Mehrzadi S Yousefi B et al. Diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis and the ameliorating effects of melatonin;involvement of autophagy,inflammation and oxidative stress[J]. Life Sci 20181932033. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.12.001 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[34]
Kang Q Yang C Oxidative stress and diabetic retinopathy:molecular mechanisms,pathogenetic role and therapeutic implications[J/OL]. Redox Biol 202037101799[2023-12-12]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33248932/. DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101799 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[35]
Li X Zheng Y Zhang G et al. Cadmium induced cardiac toxicology in developing Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica):histopathological damages,oxidative stress and myocardial muscle fiber formation disorder[J/OL]. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021250109168[2023-12-12]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34403817/. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109168 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[36]
Wang X Sun X Zhang Y et al. Identifying a critical window of maternal metal exposure for maternal and neonatal thyroid function in China:a cohort study[J/OL]. Environ Int 2020139105696[2023-12-12]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32259758/. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105696 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[37]
Zhu X Hua R Serum essential trace elements and toxic metals in Chinese diabetic retinopathy patients[J/OL]. Medicine (Baltimore) 202099(47)∶e23141[2023-12-13]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33217819/. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000023141 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[38]
Hasan NA . Effects of trace elements on albumin and lipoprotein glycation in diabetic retinopathy[J]. Saudi Med J 200930(10)∶12631271.
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[39]
Li XT Yu PF Gao Y et al. Association between plasma metal levels and diabetes risk:a case-control study in China[J]. Biomed Environ Sci 201730(7)∶482491. DOI: 10.3967/bes2017.064 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[40]
Brzóska MM Kozłowska M Rogalska J et al. Enhanced zinc intake protects against oxidative stress and its consequences in the brain:a study in an in vivo rat model of cadmium exposure [J/OL]. Nutrients 202113(2)∶478[2023-12-13]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33572579/. DOI: 10.3390/nu13020478 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[41]
Giametti SD Finelli CM . Detection of plastic-associated compounds in marine sponges[J/OL]. Mar Pollut Bull 2022175113141[2023-12-13]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34836639/. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113141 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[42]
Montoto-Martínez T De la Fuente J Puig-Lozano R et al. Microplastics,bisphenols,phthalates and pesticides in odontocete species in the Macaronesian Region (Eastern North Atlantic)[J/OL]. Mar Pollut Bull 2021173(Pt B)∶113105[2023-12-13]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34763181/. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113105 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[43]
Zhao F Ma Z Ping H et al. Tissue distribution of phthalates in celery under different cultivation patterns and associated dietary exposure[J/OL]. Environ Pollut 2022292(Pt B)∶118391[2023-12-13]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34678394/. DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118391 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[44]
Mamtani M Curran JE Blangero J et al. Association of urinary phthalates with self-reported eye affliction/retinopathy in individuals with diabetes:national health and nutrition examination survey,2001—2010[J/OL]. J Diabetes Res 201620167269896[2023-12-13]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26798652/. DOI: 10.1155/2016/7269896 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[45]
Baralić K Živančević K Jorgovanović D et al. Probiotic reduced the impact of phthalates and bisphenol A mixture on type 2 diabetes mellitus development:merging bioinformatics with in vivo analysis [J/OL]. Food Chem Toxicol 2021154112325[2023-12-13]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34097988/. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112325 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[46]
Li XF Jiang GB Cheng SY et al. Association between PPAR-γ2 gene polymorphisms and diabetic retinopathy risk:a meta-analysis[J]. Aging (Albany NY) 202113(4)∶51365149. DOI: 10.18632/aging.202433 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[47]
Pucci M Aria F Premoli M et al. Methylglyoxal affects cognitive behaviour and modulates RAGE and Presenilin-1 expression in hippocampus of aged mice[J/OL]. Food Chem Toxicol 2021158112608[2023-12-14]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34656697/. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112608 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[48]
Michel M Hess C Kaps L et al. Elevated serum levels of methylglyoxal are associated with impaired liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis[J/OL]. Sci Rep 202111(1)∶20506[2023-12-14]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34654829/. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00119-7 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[49]
Chan CM Huang DY Huang YP et al. Methylglyoxal induces cell death through endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction[J]. J Cell Mol Med 201620(9)∶17491760. DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12893 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[50]
Dietrich N Kolibabka M Busch S et al. The DPP4 inhibitor linagliptin protects from experimental diabetic retinopathy[J/OL]. PLoS One 201611(12)∶e0167853[2024-12-14]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27942008/. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167853 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[51]
Schlotterer A Kolibabka M Lin J et al. Methylglyoxal induces retinopathy-type lesions in the absence of hyperglycemia:studies in a rat model[J]. FASEB J 201933(3)∶41414153. DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801146RR .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[52]
Cheng J Chen C Kristopher KW et al. Identification of 2-piperidone as a biomarker of CYP2E1 activity through metabolomic phenotyping[J]. Toxicol Sci 2013135(1)∶3747. DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kft143 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[53]
Xu Y Zhou D Luo R et al. Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for polyamides monomer δ-valerolactam production from feedstock lysine[J]. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020104(23)∶99659977. DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10939-8 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
[54]
Xuan Q Ouyang Y Wang Y et al. Multiplatform metabolomics reveals novel serum metabolite biomarkers in diabetic retinopathy subjects[J/OL]. Adv Sci (Weinh) 20207(22)∶2001714[2024-12-14]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33240754/. DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001714 .
返回引文位置Google Scholar
百度学术
万方数据
备注信息
A
邹海东,Email: nc.defudabe.utjsgnodiahuoz
B
所有作者均声明不存在利益冲突
C
上海市眼科疾病精准诊疗工程技术研究中心项目 (19DZ2250100)
上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划重点学科项目 (GWVI-11.1-30)
评论 (0条)
注册
登录
时间排序
暂无评论,发表第一条评论抢沙发
MedAI助手(体验版)
文档即答
智问智答
机器翻译
回答内容由人工智能生成,我社无法保证其准确性和完整性,该生成内容不代表我们的态度或观点,仅供参考。
生成快照
文献快照

你好,我可以帮助您更好的了解本文,请向我提问您关注的问题。

0/2000

《中华医学会杂志社用户协议》 | 《隐私政策》

《SparkDesk 用户协议》 | 《SparkDesk 隐私政策》

网信算备340104764864601230055号 | 网信算备340104726288401230013号

技术支持:

历史对话
本文全部
还没有聊天记录
设置
模式
纯净模式沉浸模式
字号