先天性颅神经异常支配性疾病(CCDDs)是由于特定的颅神经核/颅神经发育异常或缺如,轴突生长导向异常,从而引起原发或继发肌肉异常支配的一组先天性眼球运动障碍。CCDDs呈散发或家族性遗传,目前已报道了数个致病基因,包括先天性眼外肌纤维化的致病基因 KIF21A、 TUBB3、 TUBB2B、 PHOX2A,引起Duane眼球后退综合征的致病基因 CHN1、 MAFB、 SALL4、 HOXA1,引起水平注视麻痹伴进行性脊柱侧弯的基因 ROBO3等。本文基于编码蛋白的亚细胞定位及功能将这些基因分为以下3类:参与微管的生长及组装( KIF21A、 TUBB3、 TUBB2B)、调控基因转录( PHOX2A/ ARIX、 MAFB、 SALL4、 HOXA1、 HOXB1)和影响信号转导( CHN1、 ROBO3)。本文就CCDDs的分子遗传学及致病机制研究进展进行综述。
Congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDDs) refer to a collection of congenital ocular motility disorders resulting from defects or abnormalities in the development of specific cranial nerves/nuclei with axonal guidance that cause primary or secondary dysinnervation.CCDDs may be familial or sporadic.Currently, multiple genes have been identified as pathogenic.For example, variants of KIF21A, TUBB3, TUBB2B and PHOX2A may cause congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscle, variants of CHN1, MAFB, SALL4 and HOXA1 may cause Duane retraction syndrome, and variants of ROBO3 may cause horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis.Based on the reported subcellular locations and functional classifications of these coded proteins, pathogenic genes have been grouped into three categories: promoting microtubule growth and assembly ( KIF21A, TUBB3, TUBB2B), regulating gene transcription ( PHOX2A/ ARIX, MAFB, SALL4, HOXA1, HOXB1), and affecting signal transduction ( CHN1, ROBO3).This article reviews recent insights into the genetics and molecular mechanisms of CCDDs.
赵安迪,刘虎. 先天性颅神经异常支配性疾病的致病基因及其分子机制研究进展[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2024,42(10):938-944.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20210508-00298版权归中华医学会所有。
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