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肺癌免疫检查点抑制剂联合放疗中国专家共识（2025版）
中国医师协会肿瘤多学科诊疗专业委员会
国家肿瘤质控中心肺癌质控专家委员会
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240929-00422
Chinese expert consensus on the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and radiotherapy for lung cancer (2025 edition)
Multidisciplinary Committee on Oncology, Chinese Medical Doctor Association
Expert Committee on Quality Control of Lung Cancer, National Quality Control Center for Cancer
Wang Jie
Authors Info & Affiliations
Multidisciplinary Committee on Oncology, Chinese Medical Doctor Association
Expert Committee on Quality Control of Lung Cancer, National Quality Control Center for Cancer
Wang Jie
Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240929-00422
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摘要

肺癌在我国男性和女性恶性肿瘤中发病率和死亡率均位居首位。根据国家癌症中心发布的2022年中国恶性肿瘤流行情况分析，肺癌新发病例达106.06万例，死亡病例为73.33万例，肺癌给患者带来了沉重的治疗负担。随着以免疫治疗为代表的新治疗手段的出现，肺癌的治疗逐渐从以传统的手术、放疗和化疗为主，转变为传统治疗与免疫治疗等新增治疗手段结合的综合治疗。近年来，免疫检查点抑制剂与放疗的联合应用机制研究不断深入，临床证据也在快速积累，使这一领域成为临床关注的热点，但在治疗选择上仍存在诸多疑问，亟需规范化指导。为进一步推动我国免疫治疗与放疗联合使用的规范化，国家肿瘤质控中心肺癌质控专家委员会、中国医师协会肿瘤多学科诊疗专业委员会组织了多学科专家，针对免疫检查点抑制剂联合放疗在肺癌（包括非小细胞肺癌和小细胞肺癌）中的协同机制、应用模式及安全性等问题进行了深入探讨，形成了《肺癌免疫检查点抑制剂联合放疗中国专家共识（2025版）》。共识旨在为免疫治疗与放疗的联合使用提供指导，切实惠及肺癌患者。

肺肿瘤;免疫检查点抑制剂;放疗;专家共识
ABSTRACT

Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rates among malignant tumors in both men and women in China. According to the latest analysis of the incidence of malignant tumors released by the National Cancer Center in 2022, there were 1.060 6 million new cases of lung cancer and 733 300 deaths, resulting in a significant treatment burden. In recent years, research into the mechanisms of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with radiation therapy has deepened, and clinical evidence is rapidly accumulating, making this area a clinical focus. However, there are still many questions regarding treatment choices, highlighting the urgent need for standardized guidance. To further promote the standardization of the combined use of immunotherapy and radiation therapy in China, the Expert Committee on Quality Control of Lung Cancer, National Quality Control Center for Cancer and the Multidisciplinary Committee on Oncology of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized a group of multidisciplinary experts to conduct in-depth discussions on the synergistic mechanisms, application models, and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with radiation therapy in lung cancer (including non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer). This effort led to the formation of the "Expert consensus on immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with radiation therapy for lung cancer in China" (referred to as "the consensus"). This consensus aims to provide guidance for the combined use of immunotherapy and radiation therapy, effectively benefiting lung cancer patients.

Lung neoplasms;Immune checkpoint inhibitors;Radiotherapy;Expert consensus
Wang Jie, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China, Email: mocdef.3ab61ixuhlz

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引用本文

中国医师协会肿瘤多学科诊疗专业委员会,国家肿瘤质控中心肺癌质控专家委员会. 肺癌免疫检查点抑制剂联合放疗中国专家共识（2025版）[J]. 中华肿瘤杂志,2025,47(01)：39-64.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240929-00422

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版权归中华医学会所有。

未经授权，不得转载、摘编本刊文章，不得使用本刊的版式设计。

除非特别声明，本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华医学会和本刊编委会的观点。

肺癌是引起人类恶性肿瘤相关性死亡的首要原因，在中国男性和女性恶性肿瘤中均为发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤。根据国家癌症中心发布的2022年中国恶性肿瘤流行情况分析，肺癌的年发病例数高达106.06万例，死亡病例数则达到73.33万例 ［ 1 ］ ，这不仅给患者及其家庭带来了心理和经济上的沉重负担，也对我国的医疗资源和卫生体系造成了巨大的压力。面对肺癌发病率的持续上升，亟需有效的治疗策略来改善患者的生存率和生活质量。
近年来，随着肿瘤免疫治疗的迅猛发展，免疫检查点抑制剂（immune checkpoint inhibitor，ICI）作为治疗肺癌的新型药物，正在显著改变肺癌的治疗格局。多项Ⅲ期研究显示，免疫治疗无论是在非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）还是在小细胞肺癌（small cell lung cancer，SCLC）的治疗中均展现出良好的疗效。放疗在肺癌的治疗中始终扮演着重要角色，不仅可以直接杀死肿瘤细胞，还能够引发机体的免疫反应。放疗能够增加肿瘤细胞的抗原释放，并改善肿瘤微环境，从而增强ICI的疗效。
虽然ICI与放疗的联合应用展现出良好的治疗潜力，但在实际操作中，临床医师面临着诸多疑惑和挑战，例如联合治疗的适用人群、联合治疗的最佳时机、剂量和方案的选择、接受放疗后免疫治疗启动时间及时长等。因此，迫切需要制定科学合理的指导原则，以规范化该联合治疗的应用。《肺癌免疫检查点抑制剂联合放疗中国专家共识（2025版）》（简称“共识”）旨在指导和推动免疫治疗与放疗联合使用的规范化，更好地惠及肺癌患者。
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备注信息
A

国际实践指南注册与透明化平台（PREPARE-2024CN699）

B
王洁，国家癌症中心 国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院内科，北京 100021，中国医学科学院肿瘤医院山西医院，太原 030000，Email： mocdef.3ab61ixuhlz
C
中国医师协会肿瘤多学科诊疗专业委员会, 国家肿瘤质控中心肺癌质控专家委员会. 肺癌免疫检查点抑制剂联合放疗中国专家共识（2025版）[J]. 中华肿瘤杂志, 2025, 47(1): 39-64. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240929-00422.
D
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