专家建议与推荐
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入联合房角分离及房角切开术适应证及禁忌证专家推荐意见(2025)
广东省医学会眼科学分会青光眼学组
作者及单位信息
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DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20240810-00228
Expert recommendation on indications and contraindications for phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation combined with goniosynechialysis and goniotomy (2025)
Glaucoma Society of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Medical Association
Zhang Xiulan
Authors Info & Affiliations
Glaucoma Society of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Medical Association
Zhang Xiulan
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China
·
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20240810-00228
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摘要

超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入(PEI)联合房角分离(GSL)及房角切开术(GT)已被证实用于治疗合并白内障的中晚期原发性闭角型青光眼安全、有效。目前,我国已广泛开展PEI+GSL+GT三联手术,然而对其适应证及禁忌证仍缺乏统一的规范。因此,广东省医学会眼科学分会青光眼学组专家针对此问题,就PEI+GSL+GT手术适应证及禁忌证选择制定了详细的专家推荐意见,以规范临床医师在临床中的应用。

闭角型青光眼;微创手术;超声乳化白内障吸除术;房角分离术;房角切开术;适应证;禁忌证
ABSTRACT

Combined phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation (PEI) combined with goniosynechialysis (GSL), and goniotomy (GT) has been proven to be a safe and effective surgical treatment for advanced primary angle-closure glaucoma with cataract.At present, combined PEI+ GSL+ GT surgery has been widely applied, but there is still a lack of uniform standards for indications and contraindications.Therefore, experts from Glaucoma Society of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Medical Association have formulated a detailed expert recommendation including indications and contraindications for PEI+ GSL+ GT surgery to standardize its application in clinical practice.

Glaucoma, angle-closure;Minimally invasive surgical procedures;Phacoemulsification;Goniosynechialysis;Goniotomy;Indication;Contraindication
Zhang Xiulan, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou 510060, China, Email: nc.defudabe.usys.liam2lxgnahz
引用本文

广东省医学会眼科学分会青光眼学组. 超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入联合房角分离及房角切开术适应证及禁忌证专家推荐意见(2025)[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2025,43(02):97-100.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20240810-00228

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青光眼是全球首位不可逆性致盲眼病,据估计到2040年,全球原发性开角型青光眼患者数量将超过7 900万,而原发性闭角型青光眼(primary angle-closure glaucoma,PACG)亦将超过3 000万,约50%的青光眼性盲由闭角型青光眼造成 [ 1 , 2 ]。小梁切除术(trabeculectomy,Trab)被认为是一种经典的手术方式,尽管经过多年的发展和改良,其术后依然存在不少并发症,包括低眼压、浅前房、脉络膜脱离、恶性青光眼及滤过泡相关并发症等,其中一些并发症可能会严重影响患者的视力,给患者带来极大的困扰和痛苦 [ 3 ]
近十余年来,微创青光眼手术(minimally invasive glaucoma surgery,MIGS)以其创伤小、恢复快、并发症少等优点,在青光眼治疗领域的应用日益广泛,成为众多患者的治疗选择,并逐渐取代部分传统手术方法。特别是超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入(phacoemulsification cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation,PEI)联合房角分离(goniosynechialysis,GSL)及房角切开术(goniotomy,GT,也称内路Schlemm管切开术或内路小梁切开术,ab interno trabeculotomy)适用于合并白内障的中晚期PACG [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]。国内多中心非劣效随机对照临床试验表明,PEI+GSL+GT三联手术(俗称"小青白")的效果不差于PEI+Trab(俗称"大青白"),且操作更简单、快捷,并发症更少,患者更满意 [ 18 ]
针对GSL分离范围及GT切开范围的选择问题,评估不同GT范围的2项多中心观察性研究以及评估GSL分离范围的多中心观察性研究提示,在PEI+GSL+GT三联手术中,采用120° GSL和120° GT手术方式即可获得理想手术效果,无需增加手术范围 [ 16 , 19 , 20 ]。PEI+GSL+GT的作用机制是通过PEI以解除瞳孔阻滞加深前房,GSL分离周边粘连虹膜,GT切开病变小梁网组织,增加房水外流从而降低眼压 [ 21 , 22 ]
随着微创技术的发展,MIGS已成为青光眼治疗的新趋势,尤其在PEI+GSL+GT手术逐渐广泛开展后,进一步修订、明确其临床使用的适应证和禁忌证尤为关键。广东省医学会眼科学分会青光眼学组在《超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体植入联合房角分离及房角切开术操作规范专家推荐意见》 [ 22 ]基础上,对PEI+GSL+GT手术适应证和禁忌证进行了详尽的评估分析,不仅认可其在治疗合并白内障的中晚期PACG中的有效性,还指出其在部分继发性闭角型青光眼和部分内眼手术后(包括玻璃体视网膜手术后、各种抗青光眼手术后等)眼压不能控制的难治性青光眼病例中同样具备适用性,提出本专家推荐意见,供临床医师参考。
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备注信息
A
张秀兰,中山大学中山眼科中心 眼病防治全国重点实验室 广东省眼科视觉科学重点实验室 广东省眼部疾病临床研究中心,广州 510060,Email: nc.defudabe.usys.liam2lxgnahz
B
在制定并出具本项推荐意见的过程中,参与其中的所有专家均保持利益无涉状态,不存在任何可能影响其判断公正性的利益冲突
C
本推荐意见内容与相关产品的生产和销售厂商无经济利益关系。本文仅为专家意见,为临床医疗服务提供指导,并非在各种情况下都必须遵循的医疗标准,也并非为个别特殊个人提供的保健措施
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