首页 中华口腔医学杂志 2025年60卷03期 上皮周微环境改变在口腔潜在恶性疾患恶变中的作用
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上皮周微环境改变在口腔潜在恶性疾患恶变中的作用
陈滢
楼超 
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20241214-00481
Role of periepithelial microenvironment changes in the malignant transformation of oral potential malignant disorders
Chen Ying
Lou Chao
Authors Info & Affiliations
Chen Ying
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
Lou Chao
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine & College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20241214-00481
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摘要
口腔潜在恶性疾患（OPMDs）是一类具有癌变风险的口腔黏膜病变，其黏膜上皮所处的微环境与OPMDs恶变密切相关。然而上皮周微环境在OPMDs恶变的过程中的改变与起到的作用目前未完全明确，本文在免疫微环境、基质微环境、代谢微环境与口腔微生物几个方面介绍了上皮周微环境改变在OPMDs恶变中的作用。在免疫微环境中，上皮周免疫细胞的免疫监视能力减弱，部分细胞与恶变细胞发生相互作用，形成免疫抑制微环境；基质中的细胞通过分泌细胞因子、营养支持等方式，结合细胞外基质降解、局部血管形成共同促进OPMDs恶变；上皮细胞在恶变的过程中发生代谢重编程，同时形成的缺氧微环境能够进一步促进上皮细胞的恶性转化；口腔微生物通过诱导炎症反应、形成低氧环境等促进OPMDs恶变。
口腔黏膜;细胞微环境;口腔黏膜潜在恶性病变;口腔癌;癌症免疫
ABSTRACT
Oral potential malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of oral mucosal lesions with a risk of cancer transformation. The microenvironment surrounding the epithelial tissue is closely related to the malignant transformation of OPMDs. However, the changes and role of the periepithelial microenvironment during the malignant progression of OPMDs are not yet fully understood. This review discuss the impact of changes in the periepithelial microenvironment on the malignant transformation of OPMDs from following aspects: the immune microenvironment, stromal microenvironment, metabolic microenvironment, and oral microorganism. In the immune microenvironment, the immune surveillance capacity of periepithelial immune cells weakens, and some of these cells interact with malignant cells, resulting in an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Cells in the matrix promote the malignant transformation of OPMDs through the secretion of cytokines and nutritional support, along with extracellular matrix degradation and local angiogenesis. Epithelial cells undergo metabolic reprogramming during malignant transformation, while the resulting hypoxic microenvironment can further promote the malignant transition of epithelial cells. Oral microorganism fosters the malignant transformation of OPMDs by inducing inflammatory responses and creating hypoxic conditions.
Mouth mucosa;Cellular microenvironment;Oral potential malignant disorders;Oral cancer;Cancer immunology
Lou Chao, Email:
nc.defudabe.utjs.inmulaoahcuol, Tel: 0086-21-23271699
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引用本文
陈滢,楼超. 上皮周微环境改变在口腔潜在恶性疾患恶变中的作用[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志,2025,60(03)：287-295.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20241214-00481PERMISSIONS
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口腔上皮周微环境是指口腔黏膜上皮细胞及其周围成分所构成的复杂环境，除上皮细胞外，其中还包含免疫细胞、基质细胞、基质、信号分子以及微生物等，这些成分相互作用，形成复杂的功能网络，对上皮细胞的生长产生重要影响。口腔潜在恶性疾患（oral potential malignant disorders，OPMDs）是指口腔黏膜发生的一类病变，其尚未发展为口腔鳞状细胞癌（oral squamous cell carcinoma，OSCC），但存在恶变风险，主要包括口腔白斑、红斑、扁平苔藓、口腔黏膜下纤维化（oral submucous fibrosis，OSF）和光化性角化病等病变
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1
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在口腔黏膜从健康上皮发展成OPMDs继而恶变为OSCC的过程中，上皮周微环境的改变起了重要作用，例如局部形成的慢性炎症、免疫抑制微环境、基质细胞的改变、血管的形成、上皮细胞的代谢重编程、低氧以及微生物的作用等。目前针对OSCC的肿瘤微环境有较多研究，然而在OPMDs恶性转化的过程中，对于上皮周微环境中的各成分改变发挥的具体作用，国内尚缺乏系统的归纳和总结。本文总结了上皮周微环境各主要组成部分的变化在OPMDs恶性转化过程中的作用，为进一步研究如何预防OPMDs恶变以及寻找新的治疗靶点提供思路。
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备注信息
A
楼超，Email：
nc.defudabe.utjs.inmulaoahcuol，电话：021-23271699
B
陈滢：数据收集、整理、起草文章；楼超：内容审阅、校对、修改
C
陈滢, 楼超. 上皮周微环境改变在口腔潜在恶性疾患恶变中的作用[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2025, 60(3): 287-295. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20241214-00481.
D
所有作者声明不存在利益冲突
E
国家自然科学基金 (82403025)
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