目的明确真实世界患者接受替格瑞洛治疗后血清尿酸水平的变化及血清尿酸升高的发生率,并进一步探讨影响替格瑞洛相关血清尿酸升高的危险因素。
方法单中心、横断面研究。连续入选2015年1月至2023年10月于河北医科大学第二医院电子病历系统登记的多次住院并应用双联抗血小板药物治疗的患者11 778例(其中男性8 219例,69.8%),分为氯吡格雷组6 492例和替格瑞洛组5 286例。收集患者的基线临床资料和再次住院时的血清尿酸水平。使用倾向性评分匹配(PSM)对两组患者的基线资料和影响尿酸水平变化的因素进行校正,分别比较两组患者用药后尿酸水平的变化及尿酸升高的发生率。将替格瑞洛用药患者血清尿酸升高(2 552例)与未升高(2 734例)两组单因素分析中 P<0.05的变量,纳入多因素 logistic回归分析替格瑞洛相关血清尿酸水平升高的独立危险因素,根据受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估上述危险因素对血清尿酸水平升高的预测价值。
结果替格瑞洛组和氯吡格雷组的基线和用药后血清尿酸水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(均为 P<0.001)。为了平衡基线混杂因素,对两组患者按1∶1比例进行PSM分析。经匹配后,替格瑞洛组用药后血清尿酸水平高于氯吡格雷组,差异有统计学意义[(339.27±101.54)μmol/L比(328.43±96.68)μmol/L, t=5.471, P<0.001];替格瑞洛组用药后尿酸升高的绝对值和百分比均高于氯吡格雷组,差异均有统计学意义[(10.54±88.87)μmol/L比(1.56±82.39)μmol/L, t=5.242, P<0.001;6.8%±47.0%比3.5%±27.7%, t=4.364, P<0.001];此外,替格瑞洛组血清尿酸升高发生率高于氯吡格雷组,差异有统计学意义(48.4%比41.9%, χ 2=43.146, P<0.001)。 Logistic回归分析显示,体重( OR=1.011,95% CI:1.006~1.017)、基线肌酐水平( OR=1.010,95% CI:1.006~1.013)和袢利尿剂( OR=1.548,95% CI:1.172~2.044)为替格瑞洛组血清尿酸升高的独立危险因素;而再次住院间隔时间( OR=1.000,95% CI:1.000~1.000)、基线尿酸水平( OR=0.990,95% CI:0.990~0.991)、血钾( OR=0.824,95% CI:0.700~0.970)、贝特类药物( OR=0.312,95% CI:0.110~0.888)、钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂( OR=0.553,95% CI:0.444~0.689)和质子泵抑制剂( OR=0.825,95% CI:0.728~0.935)为替格瑞洛组血清尿酸升高的保护因素(均为 P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,基线尿酸水平预测替格瑞洛组血清尿酸升高的最佳截断点为318.85 μmol/L,ROC曲线下面积为0.681(95% CI:0.667~0.695, P<0.001),敏感度和特异度分别为62.3%和63.8%。
结论本研究显示,真实世界中接受替格瑞洛治疗的患者约有48.4%出现血清尿酸水平升高,升高百分比约为6.8%。大体重、高基线肌酐水平、使用袢利尿剂、短住院间隔时间、低基线尿酸水平和低血钾是影响替格瑞洛相关血清尿酸升高的危险因素,其中基线尿酸水平对血清尿酸升高具有预测价值。
ObjectiveTo clarify the changes and the incidence of elevation in serum uric acid levels in real-world patients treated with ticagrelor, and to further explore the risk factors associated with ticagrelor-related serum uric acid elevation.
MethodsThis was a single-center, cross-sectional study. A total of 11 778 patients (8 219 males, 69.8%) who were admitted multiple times to the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 2015 and October 2023, and were registered in the electronic medical record system with dual antiplatelet therapy, were included in this study. Patients were divided into clopidogrel group (6 492 cases) or ticagrelor group (5 286 cases). Baseline clinical data and serum uric acid levels during subsequent admissions were collected. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to adjust for baseline data and factors affecting changes in uric acid levels between two groups. The change of serum uric acid and the incidence of elevation in serum uric acid levels were compared between groups. Variables with P<0.05 in univariate analysis between ticagrelor-related serum uric acid elevation group (2 552 cases) and non-elevation group (2 734 cases) were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify the independent risk factors for ticagrelor-related serum uric acid elevation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of the above risk factors.
ResultsThe comparison of baseline and post-medication serum uric acid levels between ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups showed statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). In order to balance the baseline confounding factors, a PSM analysis was conducted at a 1∶1 ratio between two groups. After matching, post-medication uric acid level in ticagrelor group was higher than that in clopidogrel group [(339.27±101.54)μmol/L vs. (328.43±96.68) μmol/L, t=5.471, P<0.001]. The absolute and percentage increase in uric acid levels post-medication were significantly higher in ticagrelor group compared to clopidogrel group, [(10.54±88.87)μmol/L vs.(1.56±82.39)μmol/L, t=5.242, P<0.001] and (6.8%±47.0% vs. 3.5%±27.7%, t=4.364, P<0.001) respectively. Furthermore, the incidence of serum uric acid elevation was significantly higher in ticagrelor group than in clopidogrel group (48.4% vs. 41.9%, χ 2=43.146, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that weight ( OR=1.011, 95% CI: 1.006-1.017), creatinine ( OR=1.010, 95% CI: 1.006-1.013) and loop diuretics ( OR=1.548, 95% CI: 1.172-2.044) were found to be independent risk factors for elevated serum uric acid, while interval between hospitalizations ( OR=1.000, 95% CI: 1.000-1.000), baseline uric acid levels ( OR=0.990, 95% CI: 0.990-0.991), potassium ( OR=0.824, 95% CI: 0.700-0.970), fibrates ( OR=0.312, 95% CI: 0.110-0.888), sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors ( OR=0.553, 95% CI: 0.444-0.689) and proton pump inhibitors ( OR=0.825, 95% CI: 0.728-0.935) served as protective factors (all P<0.001). ROC curve analysis indicated that a baseline uric acid level of 318.85 μmol/L was the cutoff value for predicting increased serum uric acid in ticagrelor group, with an area under the curve of 0.681 (95% CI: 0.667-0.695, P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity were 62.3% and 63.8%, respectively.
ConclusionsThis study shows that approximately 48.4% of patients treated with ticagrelor in the real-world experienced an elevation in serum uric acid levels, and the percentage increase is about 6.8%. High bodyweight, elevated baseline creatinine level, use of loop diuretics, short interval between hospitalizations, low baseline uric acid level and hypokalemia are risk factors of ticagrelor-related serum uric acid elevation. Among these, the baseline uric acid level plays a role as a potential predictor in ticagrelor-related serum uric acid elevation.
周子涵,刘德敏,陈慧,等. 真实世界患者中替格瑞洛对血清尿酸水平的影响[J]. 中国心血管杂志,2025,30(01):28-34.
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-5410.2025.01.006除非特别声明,本刊刊出的所有文章不代表本刊编辑委员会的观点。
项目 | 匹配前 | t/ Z/ χ 2值 | P值 | 匹配后 | t/ Z/ χ 2值 | P值 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
替格瑞洛组(5 286例) | 氯吡格雷组(6 492例) | 替格瑞洛组(5 004例) | 氯吡格雷组(5 004例) | |||||
一般临床资料 | ||||||||
男性[例(%)] | 3 860(73.0) | 4 359(67.1) | 47.755 | <0.001 | 3 601(72.0) | 3 576(71.5) | 0.308 | 0.579 |
年龄(
|
59.3±9.7 | 61.5±9.8 | 11.948 | <0.001 | 59.9±9.3 | 60.2±9.9 | 1.751 | 0.080 |
体重(
|
73.48±11.53 | 71.59±11.30 | 8.937 | <0.001 | 73.01±11.23 | 72.70±11.33 | 1.404 | 0.160 |
再次住院时间间隔[M(Q 1,Q 3),d] | 133(36,517) | 217(46,730) | 9.248 | <0.001 | 149(37,546) | 192(45,624) | 5.505 | <0.001 |
临床诊断[例(%)] | ||||||||
心力衰竭 | 298(5.6) | 267(4.1) | 14.833 | <0.001 | 243(4.9) | 234(4.7) | 0.178 | 0.673 |
糖尿病 | 1 601(30.3) | 1 883(29.0) | 2.301 | 0.129 | 1 480(29.6) | 1 458(29.1) | 0.233 | 0.629 |
高脂血症 | 1 335(25.3) | 1 697(26.1) | 1.192 | 0.275 | 1 267(25.3) | 1 297(25.9) | 0.472 | 0.492 |
实验室检查资料 | ||||||||
白细胞计数[M(Q 1,Q 3),×10 9/L] | 7.19±2.50 | 6.92±2.18 | 4.916 | <0.001 | 7.10±2.43 | 7.12±2.26 | 1.744 | 0.735 |
血清肌酐(
|
74.31±18.73 | 73.16±18.59 | 3.335 | 0.001 | 73.99±18.54 | 74.10±18.88 | 0.295 | 0.768 |
基线血清尿酸(
|
331.33±94.43 | 321.49±90.10 | 5.769 | <0.001 | 328.73±92.67 | 326.87±92.26 | 1.007 | 0.314 |
用药后血清尿酸(
|
341.51±102.46 | 323.09±94.90 | 10.106 | <0.001 | 339.27±101.54 | 328.43±96.68 | 5.471 | <0.001 |
血清尿酸变化绝对值(
|
10.15±90.09 | 1.60±81.43 | 5.400 | <0.001 | 10.54±88.87 | 1.56±82.39 | 5.242 | <0.001 |
血清尿酸变化百分比(
|
6.3±28.8 | 3.5±27.6 | 5.453 | <0.001 | 6.8±47.0 | 3.5±27.7 | 4.364 | <0.001 |
血清尿酸升高[例(%)] | 2 552(48.3) | 2 752(42.4) | 40.805 | <0.001 | 2 422(48.4) | 2 095(41.9) | 43.146 | <0.001 |
用药资料[例(%)] | ||||||||
β受体阻滞剂 | 4 070(77.0) | 4 738(73.0) | 24.891 | <0.001 | 3 811(76.2) | 3 829(76.5) | 0.179 | 0.672 |
ACEI | 1 312(24.8) | 1 854(24.4) | 0.279 | 0.598 | 1 227(24.5) | 1 275(25.5) | 1.228 | 0.268 |
二氢吡啶类钙通道阻滞剂 | 1 657(31.3) | 2 308(35.6) | 23.064 | <0.001 | 1 623(32.4) | 1 639(32.8) | 0.116 | 0.733 |
MRA | 1 034(19.6) | 1 091(16.8) | 14.964 | <0.001 | 929(18.6) | 886(17.7) | 1.244 | 0.265 |
SGLT2i | 453(8.6) | 334(5.1) | 54.814 | <0.001 | 348(7.0) | 301(6.0) | 3.640 | 0.056 |
PPI | 1 807(34.2) | 2 619(40.3) | 47.092 | <0.001 | 1 766(35.3) | 1 790(35.8) | 0.251 | 0.616 |
注:ACEI,血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂;MRA,醛固酮受体拮抗剂;SGLT2i,钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂;PPI,质子泵抑制剂
项目 | 血清尿酸升高组(2 552例) | 血清尿酸未升高组(2 734例) | t/ Z/ χ 2值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
体重(
|
73.11±11.19 | 73.83±11.83 | 2.272 | 0.023 |
再次住院时间间隔[M(Q 1,Q 3),d] | 98(33,434) | 185(41,593) | 7.577 | <0.001 |
不稳定型心绞痛[例(%)] | 1 647(64.5) | 2 067(75.6) | 77.354 | <0.001 |
STEMI[例(%)] | 506(19.8) | 360(13.2) | 47.739 | <0.001 |
NSTEMI[例(%)] | 396(15.5) | 301(11.0) | 23.430 | <0.001 |
心力衰竭[例(%)] | 164(6.4) | 134(4.9) | 5.771 | 0.016 |
白细胞计数[M(Q 1,Q 3),×10 9/L] | 6.89(5.60,8.50) | 6.56(5.47,8.03) | 4.807 | <0.001 |
红细胞计数(
|
4.43±0.50 | 4.47±0.83 | 2.914 | 0.004 |
血红蛋白(
|
136.56±14.33 | 137.87±14.44 | 3.301 | 0.001 |
红细胞比容(
|
40.71±4.21 | 41.02±4.21 | 2.670 | 0.008 |
白蛋白(
|
40.85±4.22 | 41.60±4.04 | 6.634 | <0.001 |
丙氨酸转氨酶[M(Q 1,Q 3),U/L] | 23.00(15.60,36.80) | 22.20(15.60,33.00) | 8.778 | 0.043 |
血清肌酐(
|
73.28±18.51 | 75.28±18.89 | 3.883 | 0.001 |
基线血清尿酸(
|
300.73±82.62 | 359.90±95.82 | 23.966 | <0.001 |
血钾(
|
4.03±0.37 | 4.08±0.40 | 4.425 | 0.014 |
三酰甘油(
|
1.66±1.06 | 1.79±1.26 | 3.947 | 0.115 |
阿司匹林[例(%)] | 2 412(94.5) | 2 538(92.8) | 6.282 | 0.012 |
吲哚布芬[例(%)] | 137(5.4) | 188(6.9) | 5.202 | 0.023 |
β受体阻滞剂[例(%)] | 2 003(78.5) | 2 067(75.6) | 6.198 | 0.013 |
ACEI[例(%)] | 696(27.3) | 616(22.5) | 15.904 | <0.001 |
二氢吡啶类钙通道阻滞剂[例(%)] | 747(29.3) | 910(33.3) | 9.879 | 0.002 |
贝特类[例(%)] | 6(0.2) | 17(0.6) | 4.556 | 0.033 |
袢利尿剂[例(%)] | 397(15.6) | 279(10.2) | 33.894 | <0.001 |
MRA[例(%)] | 586(23.0) | 448(16.4) | 36.277 | <0.001 |
SGLT2i[例(%)] | 192(7.5) | 261(9.5) | 6.894 | 0.009 |
PPI[例(%)] | 810(31.7) | 997(36.5) | 13.108 | <0.001 |
注:STEMI,ST段抬高型心肌梗死;NSTEMI,非ST段抬高型心肌梗死;ACEI,血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂;MRA,醛固酮受体拮抗剂;SGLT2i,钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂;PPI,质子泵抑制剂
变量 | β值 | SE | Wald χ 2值 | P值 | OR值 | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
体重 | 0.011 | 0.003 | 15.317 | <0.001 | 1.011 | 1.006~1.017 |
再次住院间隔时间 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 27.151 | <0.001 | 1.000 | 1.000~1.000 |
血清肌酐 | 0.010 | 0.002 | 25.575 | <0.001 | 1.010 | 1.006~1.013 |
基线尿酸 | -0.010 | 0.000 | 504.330 | <0.001 | 0.990 | 0.990~0.991 |
血钾 | -0.194 | 0.083 | 5.411 | 0.020 | 0.824 | 0.700~0.970 |
贝特类药物 | -1.163 | 0.533 | 4.764 | 0.029 | 0.312 | 0.110~0.888 |
袢利尿剂 | 0.437 | 0.142 | 9.491 | 0.002 | 1.548 | 1.172~2.044 |
SGLT2i | -0.592 | 0.112 | 27.831 | <0.001 | 0.553 | 0.444~0.689 |
PPI | -0.192 | 0.064 | 9.092 | 0.003 | 0.825 | 0.728~0.935 |
注:SGLT2i,钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2抑制剂;PPI,质子泵抑制剂

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