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长链非编码RNA在特应性皮炎中的研究进展
刘鑫
蔡新颖
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn511374-20241024-00554
Research progress of long noncoding RNA in atopic dermatitis
Liu Xin
Cai Xinying
Authors Info & Affiliations
Liu Xin
Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
Cai Xinying
Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
Institute of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn511374-20241024-00554
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摘要

长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)是一类长度大于200个核苷酸且不具有编码蛋白质能力的RNA。特应性皮炎(AD)是一种常见慢性炎症性皮肤病，遗传易感、皮肤屏障受损和免疫失衡在其发病中起重要作用。研究表明，lncRNA异常表达在多种人类疾病的发生和发展中扮演着关键角色，多种lncRNA在AD患者中表达异常，并参与AD的发生、发展。笔者拟对lncRNA在AD的研究进展进行综述，旨在为AD发病机制和治疗提供更多参考。

RNA，长链非编码;皮炎，特应性;皮肤屏障;免疫失衡
ABSTRACT

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of RNA that is longer than 200 nucleotides and does not encode proteins. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. Genetic susceptibility, damaged skin barrier and immune imbalance play important roles in its pathogenesis. Studies have shown that abnormal expression of lncRNA plays an important role in the development of many human diseases. In recent years, it has been found that various lncRNAs are abnormally expressed in AD patients and are involved in the development of AD. This paper reviews the research progress of lncRNAs in AD, aiming to provide more reference for the pathogenesis and treatment of AD.

RNA, long noncoding;Dermatitis, atopic;Skin barrier;Immune imbalance
Cai Xinying, Email: mocdef.6ab213190gniynixiac
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引用本文

刘鑫,蔡新颖. 长链非编码RNA在特应性皮炎中的研究进展[J]. 中华医学遗传学杂志,2025,42(02)：244-248.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn511374-20241024-00554

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特应性皮炎(atopic dermatitis，AD)是一种以皮肤瘙痒为特征的慢性复发性炎症皮肤病，常伴变态反应性鼻炎和哮喘。AD发病率在全球呈逐渐上升趋势，在发达国家，儿童AD发病率为20.00%，成年人为10.00% [ 1 ]，我国1～7岁儿童AD发病率为12.94% [ 2 ]。AD的病因和发病机制较为复杂，目前尚未完全阐明，其中遗传易感、皮肤屏障受损和免疫失衡等因素起着重要作用。
长链非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA，lncRNA)是一类由RNA聚合酶Ⅱ转录、长度>200个核苷酸，并且不编码蛋白的RNA。与编码蛋白的RNA相比，lncRNA数量庞大，但其初级序列和进化保守性不稳定且冗长并相互调节，功能研究比较困难，大量lncRNA功能目前尚不清楚。lncRNA通过与DNA、RNA和蛋白相互作用，广泛参与机体表观调控、染色质修饰、蛋白质翻译和信号转导等生理过程。lncRNA不仅可作为微小RNA(microRNA，miRNA)的分子海绵，竞争性结合miRNA，降低miRNA对其下游靶基因的抑制作用，还可与转录因子结合，调节靶基因转录。相关研究表明，lncRNA与AD发病相关，并在AD患者皮肤屏障和免疫失衡中发挥重要作用。笔者拟对lncRNA与AD发病相关性、AD患者皮肤屏障功能及免疫失衡等作详细论述，旨在为进一步探讨潜在AD生物标志物、AD发病机制和促进AD诊疗水平提高提供新思路。
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蔡新颖，Email： mocdef.6ab213190gniynixiac
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刘鑫：文献收集与整理、文章撰写；蔡新颖：文章指导与修改、经费支持

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国家自然科学基金 (82203920)
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