目的对司美格鲁肽和利拉鲁肽用于体重管理人群的不良事件（AE）风险信号进行挖掘，为相关患者的安全用药提供参考。
方法采用报告比值比（ROR）法、比例报告比（PRR）法、贝叶斯置信神经网络（BCPNN）法和经验贝叶斯几何平均值（EBGM）法对美国食品药品管理局（FDA）AE报告系统数据库中2010年第1季度至2023年第4季度AE报告中司美格鲁肽和利拉鲁肽用于体重管理人群相关AE风险信号进行挖掘。同时满足上述4种挖掘方法判定标准的AE被认为是风险信号。采用《国际医学用语词典》26.1版的系统器官分类（SOC）和首选术语（PT）对AE进行分类统计，对筛选出的风险信号进行分析。
结果设定时段内检索到司美格鲁肽适应证为体重管理（不包含糖尿病）的AE报告数为2 292例，利拉鲁肽2 973例。司美格鲁肽相关AE报告涉及PT 83个，其中说明书中已记载的不良反应相关PT 57个，未记载的26个。26个说明书未记载的PT中AE报告数排名居前5位的PT为食欲增加、饥饿感、惊恐发作、贪食、感到寒冷；按 ROR值排名居前5位的PT为饱腹感缺乏、饥饿性酮症酸中毒、肌红蛋白尿、贪食、暴食症。利拉鲁肽相关AE报告涉及PT 74个，其中说明书中已记载的60个，未记载的14个。14个说明书未记载的PT中AE报告数排名前5位的PT为体重增加、食欲增加、贪食、体重波动、胰腺囊肿；按 ROR值排名前5位的PT为饱腹感缺乏、贪食、肝腺瘤、食欲增加、胰腺囊肿。司美格鲁肽挖掘到的说明书中未记载且为严重AE的PT有3个，分别是嗅觉异常、酮症酸中毒和惊恐发作。利拉鲁肽说明书中未记载的且为严重AE的PT有1个，为转移性胰腺癌。
结论本研究挖掘出的司美格鲁肽和利拉鲁肽应用于体重管理引起的AE风险信号中有说明书中未记载的AE，有些甚至是严重AE，在临床实践中需甄别和防范。
ObjectiveTo mine the adverse event (AE) risk signals of semaglutide and liraglutide in weight management populations, and provide references for the safe use of these drugs in relevant patients.
MethodsThe reporting odds ratio (ROR) method, proportional reporting ratio (PRR) method, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network (BCPNN) method, and empirical Bayesian geometric mean (EBGM) method were used to mine the AE risk signals of semaglutide and liraglutide in weight management populations from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from the 1st quarter of 2010 to the 4th quarter of 2023. Adverse events that met the criteria of all 4 mining methods were considered as risk signals. The adverse events were classified and statistically analyzed using the system organ class (SOC) and preferred term (PT) of the 26.1 version of the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities 26.1 version, and the identified risk signals were analyzed.
ResultsDuring the set period, 2 292 AE reports for semaglutide for weight management (excluding diabetes) and 2 973 for liraglutide were retrieved. The semaglutide-related AE reports involved 83 PTs, among which 57 were already recorded in the instructions and 26 were not. Among the 26 PTs not recorded in the labels, the top 5 PTs in terms of AE report numbers were increased appetite, hunger, panic attack, binge eating, and feeling cold; the top 5 PTs in terms of ROR values were lack of satiety, hunger-induced ketoacidosis, myoglobinuria, binge eating, and bulimia. The liraglutide-related AE reports involved 74 PTs, among which 60 were already recorded in the instructions and 14 were not. Among the 14 PTs not recorded in the labels, the top 5 PTs in terms of AE report numbers were weight gain, increased appetite, binge eating, weight fluctuation, and pancreatic cyst; the top 5 PTs in terms of ROR values were lack of satiety, binge eating, hepatic adenoma, increased appetite, and pancreatic cyst. Three PTs of severe AEs that were not recorded in the labels for semaglutide were identified, namely, olfactory abnormality, ketoacidosis, and panic attack. One PT of severe AE that was not recorded in the labels for liraglutide was identified, namely, metastatic pancreatic cancer.
ConclusionThe AE risk signals of semaglutide and liraglutide in weight management include AEs not recorded in the labels, and some are even serious AEs, which need to be identified and prevented in clinical practice.
李宝剑,胡晓玲,岳紫晨. 司美格鲁肽和利拉鲁肽用于体重管理的不良事件风险信号挖掘：基于美国FDA不良事件报告系统数据库的研究[J]. 药物不良反应杂志,2025,27(03)：153-161.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn114015-20240614-00446版权归中华医学会所有。
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李宝剑：研究设计、数据收集、数据分析、论文撰写及修改；胡晓玲：研究设计、研究指导；岳紫晨：数据收集、数据分析
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