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高通量血液透析联合血液灌流治疗尿毒症的效果观察
翁明祥
李玉芳
刘春雅
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn341190-20240705-00870
Efficacy of high-flux hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion in the treatment of uremia
Weng Mingxiang
Li Yufang
Liu Chunya
Authors Info & Affiliations
Weng Mingxiang
Department of Nephrology, Quzhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University (Quzhou People's Hospital), Quzhou 324000, Zhejiang Province, China
Li Yufang
Department of Nephrology, Quzhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University (Quzhou People's Hospital), Quzhou 324000, Zhejiang Province, China
Liu Chunya
Department of Nephrology, Quzhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University (Quzhou People's Hospital), Quzhou 324000, Zhejiang Province, China
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.cn341190-20240705-00870
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摘要

目的观察高通量血液透析联合血液灌流治疗尿毒症的临床效果。

方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月在温州医科大学附属衢州医院（衢州市人民医院）尿毒症患者80例为研究对象，进行前瞻性随机对照研究，采用随机数字表法分组，研究组40例采用高通量血液透析联合血液灌流治疗；对照组40例采用高通量血液透析治疗。采用竞争性酶联免疫法、免疫荧光测定法、全自动生化分析仪、免疫透射比浊法检测毒素清除、钙磷代谢、免疫功能、血管内皮功能；比较两组毒素清除情况、钙磷代谢、免疫功能、血管内皮功能的差异。

结果与治疗前比较，治疗后两组甲状旁腺激素（PTH）、血肌酐、β 2-微球蛋白、血尿素氮、血磷、晚期糖基化终末产物（AGEs）、细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）、同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）均降低［PTH：（353.28±50.26）ng/L比（235.26±31.51）ng/L、（357.17±52.18）ng/L比（174.16±26.35）ng/L；肌酐：（969.47±110.44）µmol/L比（511.57±91.96）µmol/L、（957.58±121.99）µmol/L比（414.37±87.41）µmol/L；β 2-微球蛋白：（40.27±7.98）mg/L比（22.06±3.26）mg/L、（41.65±8.40）mg/L比（17.70±3.43）mg/L；血尿素氮：（30.64±5.63）mmol/L比（14.02±2.80）mmol/L、（30.04±5.90）mmol/L比（10.07±1.94）mmol/L；血磷：（2.23±0.49）mmol/L比（1.80±0.36）mmol/L、（2.26±0.53）mmol/L比（1.53±0.31）mmol/L；Hcy：（35.87±5.34）µmol/L比（30.93±4.65）µmol/L、（36.21±5.27）µmol/L比（20.26±4.53）µmol/L；ICAM-1：（574.96±56.81）ng/L比（419.87±40.76）ng/L、（569.84±52.37）ng/L比（384.51±35.12）ng/L；AGEs：（330.41±43.69）mg/L比（297.64±38.59）mg/L、（326.98±41.25）mg/L比（165.42±15.74）mg/L］，血钙、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、免疫球蛋白M（IgM）、免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、CD 4 +、CD 4 +/CD 8 +、补体3（C3）、补体4（C4）均升高［血钙：（1.90±0.43）mmol/L比（2.27±0.32）mmol/L、（1.93±0.46）mmol/L比（2.61±0.36）mmol/L；IgG：（7.73±1.56）g/L比（9.21±2.04）g/L、（7.82±1.62）g/L比（10.7±2.02）g/L；IgM：（0.42±0.07）g/L比（1.29±0.11）g/L、（0.40±0.08）g/L比（1.52±0.08）g/L；IgA：（0.44±0.16）g/L比（1.54±0.25）g/L、（0.48±0.19）g/L比（1.93±0.38）g/L；CD 4 +：（32.77±5.71）%比（38.18±4.92）%、（32.11±5.34）%比（46.07±4.95）%；CD 4 +/CD 8 +：（1.07±0.14）比（1.29±0.15）、（1.07±0.17）比（1.61±0.26）；C3：（0.80±0.12）g/L比（1.01±0.20）g/L、（0.79±0.14）g/L比（1.19±0.23）g/L；C4：（0.32±0.15）g/L比（0.67±0.17）g/L、（0.33±0.14）g/L比（0.86±0.12）g/L］，两组比较，差异均有统计学意义（ t=12.01、19.47、33.98、33.72、17.64、20.36、22.75、24.28、19.25、22.77、4.71、29.54、32.01、27.39、-5.06、-11.39、-4.79、-9.65、-61.55、-97.13、-36.63、-32.21、-7.71、-16.90、-5.78、-11.34、-9.21、-13.28、-13.25、-33.73，均 P < 0.05），且与对照组比较，研究组均更优（ t=-9.40、-4.84、-5.82、-7.33、-3.59、-10.40、-4.16、-20.07、4.47、3.28、5.43、7.14、6.73、3.73、5.76，均 P < 0.05）。

结论高通量血液透析联合血液灌流治疗尿毒症可有效改善钙磷代谢及血管内皮功能，提高免疫功能与毒素清除率。

尿毒症;肾透析;甲状旁腺素;β2微球蛋白;血管细胞黏附分子1;免疫球蛋白类;补体C3;补体C4
ABSTRACT

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of high-flux hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion in patients with uremia.

MethodsEighty patients with uremia who received treatment at the Quzhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University (Quzhou People's Hospital) from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected for this prospective randomized controlled trial. Participants were grouped using a random number table method, with 40 patients in the study group receiving high-flux hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion, and 40 patients in the control group receiving high-flux hemodialysis alone. Toxicity clearance, calcium-phosphate metabolism, immune function, and vascular endothelial function were assessed using competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence assay, fully automated biochemical analyzers, and immunoturbidimetric assay. The differences in toxicity clearance, calcium-phosphate metabolism, immune function, and vascular endothelial function were compared between the two groups.

ResultsCompared with before treatment, both groups showed a significant decrease in parathyroid hormone (PTH), blood creatinine, β 2-microglobulin, blood urea nitrogen, blood phosphorus, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and homocysteine (Hcy) after treatment. Specifically, PTH levels decreased from (353.28 ± 50.26) ng/L to (235.26 ± 31.51) ng/L in the control group and from (357.17 ± 52.18) ng/L to (174.16 ± 26.35) ng/L in the study group; blood creatinine decreased from (969.47 ± 110.44) µmol/L to (511.57 ± 91.96) µmol/L in the control group and from (957.58 ± 121.99) µmol/L to (414.37 ± 87.41) µmol/L in the study group; β 2-microglobulin decreased from (40.27 ± 7.98) mg/L to (22.06 ± 3.26) mg/L in the control group and from (41.65 ± 8.40) mg/L to (17.70 ± 3.43) mg/L in the study group; blood urea nitrogen decreased from (30.64 ± 5.63) mmol/L to (14.02 ± 2.80) mmol/L in the control group and from (30.04 ± 5.90) mmol/L to (10.07 ± 1.94) mmol/L in the study group; blood phosphorus decreased from (2.23 ± 0.49) mmol/L to (1.80 ± 0.36) mmol/L in the control group and from (2.26 ± 0.53) mmol/L to (1.53 ± 0.31) mmol/L in the study group ; Hcy decreased from (35.87 ± 5.34) µmol/L to (30.93 ± 4.65) µmol/L in the control group and from (36.21 ± 5.27) µmol/L to (20.26 ± 4.53) µmol/L in the study group; ICAM-1 decreased from (574.96 ± 56.81) ng/L to (419.87 ± 40.76) ng/L in the control group and from (569.84 ± 52.37) ng/L to (384.51 ± 35.12) ng/L in the study group; AGEs levels decreased from (330.41 ± 43.69) mg/L to (297.64 ± 38.59) mg/L in the control group and from (326.98 ± 41.25) mg/L to (165.42 ± 15.74) mg/L in the study group. Conversely, compared with before treatment,blood calcium, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin A, CD 4 +, CD 4 +/CD 8 + ratio, complement 3, and complement 4 all increased after treatment. Specifically, blood calcium increased from (1.90 ± 0.43) mmol/L to (2.27 ± 0.32) mmol/L in the control group and from (1.93 ± 0.46) mmol/L to (2.61 ± 0.36) mmol/L in the study group; IgG increased from (7.73 ± 1.56) g/L to (9.21 ± 2.04) g/L in the control group and from (7.82 ± 1.62) g/L to (10.7 ± 2.02) g/L in the study group; IgM increased from (0.42 ± 0.07) g/L to (1.29 ± 0.11) g/L in the control group and from (0.40 ± 0.08) g/L to (1.52 ± 0.08) g/L in the study group; IgA increased from (0.44 ± 0.16) g/L to (1.54 ± 0.25) g/L in the control group and from (0.48 ± 0.19) g/L to (1.93 ± 0.38) g/L in the study group; CD 4 + increased from (32.77 ± 5.71)% to (38.18 ± 4.92)% in the control group and from (32.11 ± 5.34)% to (46.07 ± 4.95)% in the study group; the CD 4 +/CD 8 + ratio increased from (1.07 ± 0.14) to (1.29 ± 0.15) in the control group and from (1.07 ± 0.17) to (1.61 ± 0.26) in the study group; C3 increased from (0.80 ± 0.12) g/L to (1.01 ± 0.20) g/L in the control group and from (0.79 ± 0.14) g/L to (1.19 ± 0.23) g/L in the study group; and C4 increased from (0.32 ± 0.15) g/L to (0.67 ± 0.17) g/L in the control group and from (0.33 ± 0.14) g/L to (0.86 ± 0.12) g/L in the study group. All these differences were statistically significant between the two groups ( t = 12.01, 19.47, 33.98, 33.72, 17.64, 20.36, 22.75, 24.28, 19.25, 22.77, 4.71, 29.54, 32.01, 27.39, -5.06, -11.39, -4.79, -9.65, -61.55, -97.13, -36.63, -32.21, -7.71, -16.90, -5.78, -11.34, -9.21, -13.28, -13.25, -33.73, all P < 0.05). Additionally, when compared with the control group, the study group showed superior results ( t = -9.40, -4.84, -5.82, -7.33, -3.59, -10.40, -4.16, -20.07, 4.47, 3.28, 5.43, 7.14, 6.73, 3.73, 5.76, all P < 0.05).

ConclusionsHigh-flux hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion for the treatment of uremia can effectively improve calcium and phosphorus metabolism and vascular endothelial function, as well as enhance immune function and toxicity clearance rate.

Uremia;Renal dialysis;Parathyroid hormone;Beta 2-microglobulin;Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1;Immunoglobulins;Complement C3;Complement C4
Liu Chunya, Email: mocdef.6ab21uilaynuhc
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翁明祥,李玉芳,刘春雅. 高通量血液透析联合血液灌流治疗尿毒症的效果观察[J]. 中国基层医药,2025,32(03)：397-403.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn341190-20240705-00870

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尿毒症是慢性肾脏疾病的终末期表现，对患者健康状况产生极大影响 ［ 1 ］ 。在尿毒症的治疗过程中，钙磷代谢失调、免疫功能下降以及血管内皮功能损伤是常见的并发问题，这些问题往往相互关联，共同影响着患者的治疗效果和生存预期 ［ 2 ］ 。因此，寻找一种能够有效调节这些并发问题的治疗手段，对于尿毒症患者的治疗具有重要意义。高通量血液透析联合血液灌流作为一种综合性的治疗手段，近年来在尿毒症患者的治疗中逐渐得到应用。高通量血液透析可通过增加透析膜通透性，更有效地清除血液中的毒素和代谢产物，从而改善患者的钙磷代谢 ［ 3 ］ 。而血液灌流则能够通过吸附作用，进一步清除血液透析难以去除的大分子毒素，从而缓解尿毒症患者的症状 ［ 4 ］ 。然而，关于高通量血液透析联合血液灌流对患者钙磷代谢、免疫及血管内皮功能的影响的研究较少，对此，本研究旨在探究高通量血液透析联合血液灌流对尿毒症患者钙磷代谢及免疫功能、血管内皮功能的综合调节效果。
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备注信息
A
刘春雅，Email： mocdef.6ab21uilaynuhc
B

翁明祥：采集数据、起草文章；李玉芳：统计分析、技术支持；刘春雅：设计试验、起草文章

C
翁明祥, 李玉芳, 刘春雅. 高通量血液透析联合血液灌流治疗尿毒症的效果观察[J]. 中国基层医药,2025,32(3):397-403. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn341190-20240705-00870.
D
所有作者声明不存在利益冲突
E
浙江省衢州市指导性科技计划 (20172045)
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