股骨头坏死及骨折不愈合是股骨颈骨折术后常见的并发症，当前认为其主要原因为骨折后局部血运遭到破坏、复位质量不佳和内固定选择不合理等。骨折复位内固定术后，骨折不愈合的发生率明显减少，但股骨头坏死的发生率并未明显降低。并发症的发生使在治疗股骨颈骨折时，到底选择何种手术方式成为临床治疗的难题。股骨颈骨折术后并发症的发生原因和科学的防治手段仍需进一步研究与探索。笔者拟从股骨近端骨折的杠杆重建平衡与支撑牵张效应理论出发，分析股骨颈骨折内固定术后并发症的发生原因，并提出科学的治疗方法及一种创新的内固定产品——“动力加压抗牵张钉”，旨在为如何有效降低股骨颈骨折内固定术后并发症的发生提供思考，并完善股骨颈骨折的治疗策略。
Femoral head necrosis and fracture nonunion are common postoperative complications of femoral neck fracture. Currently, it is believed that the main causes of postoperative complications include impaired local blood supply after fracture, poor reduction quality, and inappropriate selection of internal fixation, etc. While the incidence of nonunion was significantly reduced after fracture internal fixation, the incidence of femoral head necrosis was not significantly reduced. The occurrence of complications makes it a difficult clinical decision to determine the surgical approach in the treatment of femoral neck fracture. The causes and scientific prevention and treatment strategies of postoperative complications of femoral neck fracture remain to be further studied and explored. From the perspective of leverage reconstruction balance theory and supporting stretch effect theory of proximal femoral fracture, the authors intended to analyze the causes of complications after internal fixation of femoral neck fracture and proposed scientific treatment options and an innovative internal fixation product — "dynamic compression anti-stretch nail", aiming to provide insights into effectively reducing the occurrence of postoperative complications after internal fixation of femoral neck fracture and improve its treatment strategy.
付慧娟,熊晨,张殿英. 基于杠杆重建平衡与支撑牵张效应理论的股骨颈骨折内固定术后并发症原因分析及创新产品研发[J]. 中华创伤杂志,2025,41(03)：237-242.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn501098-20240802-00466版权归中华医学会所有。
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付慧娟：资料收集、论文撰写及修改；熊晨：资料收集、论文修改；张殿英：论文指导及审定
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