Objective To investigate the effect of Thymosin and growth hormone （GH） on inflammatory response in burn rats or burn rats with sepsis. Methods Sixty-four SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group （ NC, without treatment） , sepsis group （ S, with injection of LPS） , sepsis ＋ Thy- mosin group （ST, with successive injection of Thymosin and LPS）, sepsis ＋ GH group [ SGH, with successive injection of recombinant human GH （rhGH） and LPS] , burn group, burn ＋ sepsis group （BS, with injection of LPS after burn） , burn ＋ sepsis ＋ Thymosin group （ BST, with successive injection of Thymosin and LPS after burn） , burn ＋ sepsis ＋ GH （BSGH, with successive injection of rhGH and LPS after burn） , with 8 rats in each group. Specimens of spleen tissues were harvested to determine HLA-DR in lymphocyte and e- valuate inflammatory cell infiltration （score）. Specimens of peripheral blood were collected to determine Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） level in monocyte and serum level of TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10. Results Compared with those in NC group, serum level of IL-10 in S group decreased obviously, while other indices increased obviously （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The levels of HLA-DR and TLR4 and serum level of TNF-α were similar between SGH and ST groups （ P 〉0.05）. Compared with those in SGH group [（2.87 ±0.04） score, and IL-6 （0.0083 ±0.0018） μg/mg, IL-4 （0.0102±0.0021） μg/mg, IL-10 （0.0310 ±0.0027） μg/mg, respectively] , degree of inflammatory cell infiltration （1.50 ± 0.76） score and serum levels of IL-6, IL-4,IL-10 of rats in ST group decreased obviously （0. 0064± 0. 0012, 0. 0058 ±0. 0024, 0. 0230 ± 0. 0021 μg/mg, respectively, P 〈0.01 ）. The levels of HLA-DR, TLR4 and inflammatory cell infiltration degree of spleen in B group were respectively higher than those in NC group and lower than those in BS group. Compared with those in NC group, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 in B group increased significantly, while IL-4, IL-10 showed an opposite tendency. There was no obvious difference between BST and BSGH groups in serum levels of HLA-DR and IL-6 （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Compared with those in RST group, inflammatory cell infiltration degree in spleen and the levels of TLR, TNF-α obviously decreased （ P 〈 0.01 ） , while IL-4 and IL-10 levels increased in BSGH group （ P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusions Inhibitive effects between Thymosin and GH on extensive inflammatory reaction were similar with or without trauma, and GH has better effect as compared with Thymosin when with trauma.