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ENGLISH ABSTRACT
人体成分测量方法及其临床应用
杨猛
朱长真
于健春
康维明
作者及单位信息
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-635X.2015.02.012
Body composition measurement methods and their clinical application
Yang Meng
Zhu Changzhen
Yu Jianchun
Kang Weiming
Authors Info & Affiliations
Yang Meng
Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
Zhu Changzhen
Yu Jianchun
Kang Weiming
·
DOI： 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-635X.2015.02.012
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摘要

人体成分测量可以评价体内各种成分的含量，了解人体基本健康状况，对多种疾病的诊断、治疗、检测和预后进行评估，具有重要价值。一旦人体成分比例失衡，将会严重影响健康。人体成分测量方法一般分为局部测量法和全身测量法。局部测量法包括皮褶厚度法、超声检测法、计算机断层扫描法和核磁共振法；全身测量法包括人体测量法、水下称重法、空气置换法、生物电阻抗法、近红外线吸收法、双能X线吸收法、同位素稀释法、钾同位素测定法和三维人体扫描法等。本文对人体成分测量方法及其临床应用进行分析概述。

人体成分测量方法;临床应用;体脂含量
ABSTRACT

Body composition measurement could significantly facilitate evaluating the content of various body components, getting information about the health status and assessing the diagnosis, treatment, test, and prognosis of several diseases. Human health will be seriously affected by the imbalance of body composition. Body composition measurement methods are generally divided into local measurement methods and general measurement methods. The former ones include skinfold thickness measurement, ultrasonic measurement, computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance measurement; while the latter ones include anthropometry, underwater weighing measurement, air displacement measurement, biological resistance measurement, near infrared absorption measurement, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurement, isotope dilution measurement, potassium isotope measurement and three-dimensional body scanning measurement, etc. This article reviews a variety of body composition measurement methods and their clinical application.

Human body composition measurement method;Clinical application;Body fat
Kang Weiming, E-mail: mocdef.3ab61gnimiewgnak
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引用本文

杨猛,朱长真,于健春,等. 人体成分测量方法及其临床应用[J]. 中华临床营养杂志,2015,23(2)：125-130.

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-635X.2015.02.012

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人体成分(body composition)是指人体中水分、肌肉、脂肪、无机盐等各组分的含量及其在人体总质量中所占的百分比，通常可分为脂肪组织和非脂肪组织两部分，其质量和分布情况与各年龄阶段人群的健康状况密切相关 [ 1 ]。2010年我国流行病学调查发现，成年人超重率为30.6%，肥胖率为12% [ 2 ]。肥胖者患2型糖尿病、心血管疾病、癌症和肾功能衰竭的风险远远高于正常体型者。因此，将人体成分测量和分析应用于临床，不仅可以了解人体基本健康状态和全身营养状况，对多种疾病的诊断、治疗、监测及预后进行评估，还可以为相关疾病的预测提供信息，减少相关疾病的发生，促进健康，提高生活质量。
人体成分测量的研究涵盖了物理学、生物学、医学和公共卫生学等，一般分为局部测量法与全身测量法。局部测量法包括皮褶厚度法、超声检测法、计算机断层扫描法、核磁共振法；全身测量法包括人体测量法、水下称重法、空气置换法、生物电阻抗法、近红外线吸收法、双能X线吸收法、同位素稀释法、钾同位素测定法、三维人体扫描法等。本文对目前常用的人体成分测量方法及其临床应用作一综述。
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备注信息
A
康维明，E-mail： mocdef.3ab61gnimiewgnak
B
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划) (2010AA023007)
首都卫生发展科研专项 (2014-03-4014)
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