[综述]
年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)是老年人群中常见的影响视力和生活质量的眼病。干性AMD被认为是一种神经变性疾病，其发病机制尚未完全明确，对其仍缺乏有效的预防和治疗手段。近年来研究表明，脂褐素异常沉积能导致视网膜色素上皮(RPE)细胞功能障碍，甚至死亡，是干性AMD发病的重要因素。自噬是真核细胞中一种依赖溶酶体的吞噬降解过程，能清除细胞内异常积聚的蛋白质等有害物质，是细胞自我保护、维持稳态的重要途径。自噬已被发现在阿尔兹海默病、干性AMD等神经变性疾病的病理过程中具有重要的调节作用。本文就近年来自噬在干性AMD发病机制研究中的进展进行综述，介绍了自噬与溶酶体破坏、氧化应激以及免疫炎症反应在干性AMD病理过程中的作用及其机制，为干性AMD的预防和治疗提供新的靶点。
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of vision loss and living quality impairment in elderly people.Dry AMD is considered to be a neurodegenerative disease, and there has been no preventive method or effective therapy for it so far.Recent studies reveal that accumulation of lipofuscin may lead to dysfunction and even death of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells.Autophagy is a major lysosome-dependent degradation pathway in eukaryotes involved in the disposal of damaged cytoplasmic proteins and organelles.Autophagy is revealed to be involved in the pathological processes of several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and dry AMD.Therefore, studies focus on autophagy may provide a new target for the prevention and treatment of dry AMD.This paper reviewed the research progress of autophagy in the pathogenesis of AMD in recent years.The roles of autophagy, lysosomal damage, oxidative stress and immune inflammatory reaction were described.
闫泉,孙晓东. 自噬在干性年龄相关性黄斑变性中的作用研究进展[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志,2015,33(10)：949-952.
DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2015.10.018版权归中华医学会所有。
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