Review
Advances in the studies of the expansion of (CAG)n·(CTG)n trinucleotide repeats and mechanisms underlying its related diseases
Xiheng Wang, Xuefeng Pan, Hongquan Li, Fei Duan
Published 2016-10-15
Cite as Int J Genet, 2016, 39(5): 274-281. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4386.2016.05.008
Abstract
The dynamic expansion of (CAG)n·(CTG)n trinucleotide repeat in certain human genes is tightly associated with the occurrences of neuromuscular degenerative diseases, including multiple types of Spinal-cerebellar Ataxias. The repeating numbers of the relating (CAG)n·(CTG)n trinucleotide repeats in normal individuals are lower than a threshold level, while such repeating numbers of the repeats are beyond the threshold in the affiliated genes in patients, leading to the penetrations of different disease symptoms that mainly involve the neuro-and muscular systems. This review summarizes the disease condition and the pathological characteristics of the (CAG)n·(CTG)n repeat expansion-associated human diseases in China while discussing the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the (CAG)n·(CTG)n repeat expansion in vivo.
Key words:
Trinucleotide Repeats; Expansion Instability; Nero-Muscular Degeneration diseases; Genetic Ataxia
Contributor Information
Xiheng Wang
Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China
Xuefeng Pan
Hongquan Li
Fei Duan